tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24325593289268221572024-03-05T13:31:47.523-08:00Plants used for Ganapathi puja; Medicinal plants and Poisonous plants around usగణపతి పూజకు ఉపయోగించే మొక్కలు, పూజ కు ఉపయోగించే కొన్ని పవిత్ర పుష్పాలు వాటి విశిష్టత, కొన్ని ఔషధ మొక్కలు; మరియు మన చుట్టూ వున్నవిషపు మొక్కల గురించిన అవగాహన కల్పించుట.Lalithambahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05559688683225962305noreply@blogger.comBlogger4125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2432559328926822157.post-14800456803894361582010-09-04T21:28:00.006-07:002023-09-16T02:38:21.947-07:00Plants used as Patri for Vinaayaka chavithi<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeHevuxqNJuOz4ELyJ6MMcTRSOzgC8-1MgleejOjdzqeOPD0v0l_WOeOSmTpilStkD6m3LEnCVb6ID5wzNwzldkUx5p53Hq_41HPCu6sN2vdFTQ12qaS1iHmZ5lppenFPEgaNF84Lr2Fw/s1600/IMG_4290.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="306" data-original-width="377" height="259" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeHevuxqNJuOz4ELyJ6MMcTRSOzgC8-1MgleejOjdzqeOPD0v0l_WOeOSmTpilStkD6m3LEnCVb6ID5wzNwzldkUx5p53Hq_41HPCu6sN2vdFTQ12qaS1iHmZ5lppenFPEgaNF84Lr2Fw/s320/IMG_4290.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
<b><br /></b>
<b>వినాయకచవితి శుభాకాంక్షలతో </b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<b><br /></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
శుక్లాంబర ధరం విష్ణుం శశివర్ణం చతుర్భుజం </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
ప్రసన్న వదనం ధ్యాయేత్ సర్వ విఘ్నోపశాంతయే </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
వక్రతుండ మహాకాయ సూర్యకోటి సమప్రభ </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
అవిఘ్నం కురుమే దేవ సర్వ కార్యేషు సర్వదా </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">xxxx</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<div style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="TE">సదా బాలరూపం లంబోదరం మహోదారం<br /></span></span><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="TE">అంబా సుతం మతంగమస్తకం కరే పుస్తకం<br /></span></span><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="TE">మూషికారూఢం ప్రశాంతేంద్రియం జ్ఞాన దీప్తం <br /></span></span><span lang="TE">సర్వ విఘ్న నాశకం గణేశం ప్రణమామ్యహం</span></b></div><div style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><span lang="TE">xxxx </span></b></div></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
గజాననం భూతగణాధి సేవితం కపిత్థ జంబూ ఫలసార భక్షిణం </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
ఉమాసుతం శొకవినాశ కారణం నమామి విఘ్నేశ్వర పాద పంకజం </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
ఓం ప్రణమామ్యహం శిరసా దేవం గౌరీ పుత్రం వినాయకం </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
భక్తవత్సలం స్మరేన్నిత్యం ఆయుః కామ్యార్ధ సిద్ధయే </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
వక్రతుండం, ఏకదంతం, కృష్ణ పింగళాక్షాం, గజవక్త్రం,లంబోదరం,వికటం, విఘ్నరాజం, ధూమ్ర వర్ణం, ఫాల చంద్రం, వినాయకం,గణపతిం, గజాననం -ఇతి ద్వాదశ నామాని స్మరేన్నిత్యం, న విఘ్న భయం, తస్య కామ్యార్ధ సిద్ధిం లభతే ; ఇతినారద కృత సంకష్ట హర స్తోత్రం </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<b><u>గణేశ పంచ శ్లోకి</u> </b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><span style="text-align: left;">1<b>. </b></span><b><span style="text-align: left;"><span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">ప్రణమామి గుణ నాయకా</span></span><span style="text-align: left;">, </span><span style="text-align: left;"><span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">భూత</span></span><span style="text-align: left;"> </span><span style="text-align: left;"><span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">గణ నాయకా</span></span></b></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;"><b><span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">చతురాక్షరజీవికా,</span> <span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">అజ్ఞానేభ</span> <span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">దైత్యాంతకా</span>,</b></div><div style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;"><b><span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">విశ్వవిధాయకా</span>, <span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">జ్ఞానప్రదాయకా</span>,<span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE"> వినాయకా</span> </b></div><div style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;"><b><span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">పాలయమాం జగదేక విఘ్న రోధక దీపికా!</span> </b></div>
</div><b><div><b><br /></b></div>2. <span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">భజామి</span> <span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">త్వం గజావదనా, నిర్జిత</span><span lang="TE"> </span><span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">షడ్వదనా </span><br /><span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">అయోనిజా! సదా ప్రపూజ్యా! ప్రతిబంధ</span> <span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">నిజఘ్నీ</span>! <br /><span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">విజయ</span> <span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">గణపతీ విద్యా పతీ వికట మూర్తీ</span><br /></b><div style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;"><span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE"><b>సముపార్జిత మాతాతాతస్య మహనీయ శక్తీ!</b></span></div></div><b><div><b><br /></b></div>3. <span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">చింతితం</span> <span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">త్వం ఏక దంతం</span><span lang="TE"> </span><span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">సంతతం</span> <span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">అచింత్య రూపం</span>,<br /><span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">మతంగ మస్తకం హస్తే పుస్తకం మూషికారూఢం</span><br /><span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">కుంచిత తుండం</span> <span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">అకుంచిత
పరాక్రమం,</span> <span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">నితాంత</span><br /></b><div style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: left;"><b><span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">ద్యుతిం, ప్రశాంతేంద్రియం</span>, <span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">వ్యాసాది పూజితం గణేశం
!</span></b></div></div><div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;"><b><br /></b></div><div style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;"><b>4. <span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">వందే లంబోదరా! భక్త మందారా!</span><span lang="TE"> </span><span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">దయా మందిరా</span> </b></div><div style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;"><b><span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">భవ బంధ హరా</span>, <span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">వుందురు వాహనా</span>, <span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">మహోదారా</span> </b></div><div style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;"><b><span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">సురేశ్వరా, శూర్పకర్ణా,</span> <span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">కందర్పాంతక నందనా,</span></b></div><div style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;"><b> <span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">దదాతు</span> <span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">ధీశక్తి</span> <span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">పరాశక్తి
పుత్రా!</span><span lang="TE"> </span><span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">సుక్ర తూయా!</span></b></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;"><b><br /></b></div><div style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;"><b>5. <span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">ప్రాంజలి సంసక్త కుంజర శీర్షా</span>, <span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">భక్త రంజకా</span></b></div><div style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;"><b><span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">ప్రజ్వలిత తేజో స్వరూపా! సురనర ప్రపూజ్యా, ద్విజా</span> </b></div><div style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;"><b><span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">ఆకర్ణయతే</span> <span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">ప్రజార్తి,అమృతో దారా, అంబా సుతా </span><span lang="TE"> </span></b></div><div style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;"><b><span face="Gautami, sans-serif" lang="TE">ప్రదత్తే సర్వకార్య సిద్ది చతుర గణపతే!</span> </b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><b> </b><b> </b><span lang="TE" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></span><span face=""Gautami","sans-serif"" lang="TE" style="font-size: 12pt; text-align: center;"> </span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: large;">I thank all the visitors of this blog.</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: large;"></span><span style="font-size: large;">(revised on 27-08-2019) </span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: medium;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white;"><b>Vigneswara is the Lord of success and destroyer of obstacles to gain knowledge, wisdom and wealth.</b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Lord Ganesha is known from Vedic culture. He is
also known as the ultimate God. We know him as the son of Parvathy, with an elephants head. He is
intelligent and brave.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;">
<span style="font-size: medium;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white;">
</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> He is an excellent scribe; as the
great saint and poet VedaVyasa dictates the slokas of Mahabhatha he
inscribed them on dry Borassus leaves without any break. A scribe
requires good knowledge of language, concentration and physical stamina. Why
should we remember Lord Vigneswara, because to learn the things perfectly,
without any inhibitions. He never feels ashamed to be a scribe, his humbleness,
dedication should be respected, worshiped. We have to learn to complete the
tasks even though there are difficulties and hurdles, we have to remember Lord
Vigneswara, and pray him to give us energy to work like him. He is a good
example to boost our mental capabilities. If everyone works like Lord
Ganesha our country regains the great traditions and riches. May God
Ganesha bless every one with good mental makeup.It is a festival of Nature.</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<b style="text-align: left;">కొండంత దేవుడికి కొన్ని పత్రాలతో కొండంత స్థిర చిత్తంతో చేసే పూజ శుభకరము.</b><span style="text-align: left;"> పూజ కు వుపయోగించే పవిత్ర మైన మొక్కల గురించి తెలియ జేయాలన్న ఆశ తో చేసే ప్రయత్నం ఇది.చిత్రం క్రింద దాని సమాచారం సంక్షిప్తం గా ఇవ్వడం జరిగింది. పత్రిని అమ్మే వారు శాస్త్రము లో చెప్పినవి కాక వారికి దొరికినవి తెచ్చి అమ్ముతున్నారు. అటువంటి మొక్కల వలన</span><span style="text-align: left;"> కొన్ని రకాల అల్లెర్జిలు రావడానికి అవకాశం వుంది. </span></div>
పూజ కుపయోగించే ప్రతిమను మట్టి తో చేసినది , విషపూరిత రంగులు వేయనిదానిని పూజించండి.<br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Respect our Nature. Be Eco friendly. Wish you a Happy and Healthy Vinayaka chavithi.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">ఏక వింశతి -21 పత్రాలు - పత్రి పూజ : వీటిలో విష్ణువుకు ప్రీతికరమైనవి కొన్ని, శివునికి ప్రీతికరమైనవి కొన్ని, పార్వతి మాతకు ప్రీతికరమైనవి కొన్ని వున్నాయి. కొన్ని ఔషధ మొక్కలు, కొన్ని మధుర ఫలాలను ఇచ్ఛేవి , కొన్ని విషపు మొక్కలు, కొన్ని ముళ్ళవి, కొన్ని వృక్షాలు కొన్ని చిన్న గుల్మా లు వున్నాయి . వీటి లక్షణాలను విశ్లేషిస్తే వేదాంతము కొంత తెలుస్తుంది.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> వినాయకునికి గల ముఖ్యమైన 21 నామాలు , ఒక్కో నామము తో స్మరించినపుడు ఉపయోగించే పత్రము , దాని <span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span></span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name; Telugu names and photographs are provided for correct and easy identification.</span></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">1.<b>Sumukhaya </b>Namaha.: సుముఖాయ నమః(My salutations for a good spokesman)</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Leaf used</b>: Sanskrit name: </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">మాచీ పత్రం- తెలుగు పేరు : </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">దవనం</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name</span></b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">: </span><em style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;">Artimissia pallense </em><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">(Family: Asteraceae) .</span></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">It is a small aromatic herb. It is a cultivated plant. ఇది సుగంధ భరితమైన మొక్క . దనుజ వైరికి ప్రీతి కరమైనది దవనం. </span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">(Significance: though small and short, may not be handsome, speak with pleasantness , use sweet words without hurt, your greatness spread like fragrance) </span><br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEityk3d4B9km9X4OP5u9zOeSurijqlBNzGwnudTC8nuTFk9w-dsG12RFcGgsETU3I2rlgkoskYuRJdiacSnVpdKYqoakFyZO-pr3C9euid_hZihiU22iSAovWEychXLCSUG-PqIHPwoqKY/s1600/P3120307.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="239" ox="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEityk3d4B9km9X4OP5u9zOeSurijqlBNzGwnudTC8nuTFk9w-dsG12RFcGgsETU3I2rlgkoskYuRJdiacSnVpdKYqoakFyZO-pr3C9euid_hZihiU22iSAovWEychXLCSUG-PqIHPwoqKY/s320/P3120307.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><em>Artimissia .pallense (</em>దవనం)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Plant name: (Sanskrit) Machi patram మాచీ పత్రం (Telugu)</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">–Botanical name: <em>Artmisia indica</em> (మాచ పత్రి )</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Medicinal Use: Aromatic, tonic, anti malarial & digestive.</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">In some versions it is "Davanam", in others it is "Maacha patri" Any of these plants may be used. Both have anti insecticidal properties.</span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2pzcOcNsUBveNEHoihqOwtIVWan5yQ1JgzZzZ3-ixK1zt9jJOyFoPyYW5jTw_fPzzpULaGTge8Ec7DqIeXrm6aIGCcEksjgFkcvHoRImywA5GrWHLLFFaoSOETJZ8r5BzVZUO844jg-Y/s1600/artemisia+vulgaris-+maachapatri.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2pzcOcNsUBveNEHoihqOwtIVWan5yQ1JgzZzZ3-ixK1zt9jJOyFoPyYW5jTw_fPzzpULaGTge8Ec7DqIeXrm6aIGCcEksjgFkcvHoRImywA5GrWHLLFFaoSOETJZ8r5BzVZUO844jg-Y/s320/artemisia+vulgaris-+maachapatri.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Artmisia indica/ A.vulgaris మాచ పత్రి </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">2.<b>Ganaadhipaya </b>Namaha : గణాధిపాయ</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">నమః</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">(</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">My salutations</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> to </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Head of Ganas)</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Leaf used</b>: : Brihatipatram, బృహతీ పత్రం</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">(Sanskrit)</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> (Telugu లో Vakudu -వాకుడు, నేల ములగ /నేల వంకాయ/ వెర్రి వంగ / వార్తకి / చల్ల ములగ అనికూడా అంటారు )</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name: <em>Solanum surettense/ Solanum xylocarpum </em>(Family: Solanaceae)</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">An armed shrub found in waste places.ఇది అన్ని భాగాలపై ముళ్ళను కలిగి ఉంటుంది . ఆయుర్వేదం లో దీన్ని దశమూలాల్లో ఒకటి గా చెప్తారు . ఇది నేలపైన సమాంతరంగా పరుచుకొని పెరుగుతుంది; దీని కాయలు చిన్న వంకాయల వలె పసుపు పచ్చగా ఉంటాయి. తీగలాగా పెరిగి ఎర్రటి కాయలనిచ్చే ది ఇదీ వేరు. </span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Medicinal Use</b>:</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">I<span style="font-size: 12pt;">n Ayurveda it is used to manage edema, worm-infestation, skin diseases, indigestion and as diuretic.</span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">(<b>Significance</b>: to handle the army one should be harsh outward, should be armed in all aspects to prevent the enemy- like this spiny plant)</span></span></span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyGEbhnpU_T3s7s9aylcXQfy5mVNh8lRM_esFhzr7S_P6yb3fDEMEhL8Ikd9o8jq9mHp3-xm-blwu6I079_ji-4e8tnrj1tzbW9Mt8C3gX_jYf6u0AoMsVvh5kjLnoKBZ9Nmv3JGyrWwY/s1600/PC160307+a.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="239" nx="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyGEbhnpU_T3s7s9aylcXQfy5mVNh8lRM_esFhzr7S_P6yb3fDEMEhL8Ikd9o8jq9mHp3-xm-blwu6I079_ji-4e8tnrj1tzbW9Mt8C3gX_jYf6u0AoMsVvh5kjLnoKBZ9Nmv3JGyrWwY/s320/PC160307+a.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><em>Solanum surattense</em></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">3. </span><b style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Gowriputraya</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Namaha/ <b>Umaputraaya</b> namaha:ఉమాపుత్రాయ</span></span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">నమః</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> : గౌరీ పుత్రాయ</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">నమః</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">(My salutations to the Son of Goddess Gauri or Uma )</span></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Leaf used</b>: (Sanskrit) Bilvapatram బిల్వ; (Telugu -Maredu మారేడు)</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Botanical name:</b> <em>Aegle marmelos</em> (Family: Rutaceae)</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Medicinal Use</b>: Leaves, fruit, stem and roots
of this tree at all stages of maturity are used as medicine against various
human ailments; such as asthma, anemia, fractures, healing of wounds, swollen
Joints, high blood pressure, jaundice, diarrhea, and typhoid and for the
management of diabetes mellitus in Ayurveda. Fruit pulp is used as
coolant, to control loose motions, and in gastric problems.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Commonly found in temples</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">.శివాలయాల్లో తప్పనిసరిగా ఉంటుంది; ఇపుడు ఇళ్లలో కూడా పెంచుకుంటున్నారు . ముళ్ళున్న పెద్ద చెట్టు. </span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">(<b>Significance</b>: Gowri means pure white or knowledge; son of knowledge is also knowledgeable; one should be strong in three ways; in Mythology this tree is said to be arise from the sweat of Goddess Parvathi, hence it is dear to lord Shiva. Uma is the short form of </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Om</span></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> (అ+ఉ+మ)</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> బిల్వ పత్రం లోని మూడు దళాలు త్రిగుణాలకు , త్రిలోకాలకు, సృష్టి స్థితి లయ కు ప్రతీకలు గా , భావిస్తారు. </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> )</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsjepcQjl872ypi2gEZ6gGNMFuTbyjwvxx68glhG5vJ5jkLJNjkWuQznIGIRlM4MQVqOT7xtMvGACv97DfGiaRpx33Z6PzbLLFkDOJ_4XgaRBZ2cv1Yz_sJYcvKExzU6axRBG0A7tt0Rw/s1600/Aegle+marmelos+blog+.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="336" data-original-width="448" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsjepcQjl872ypi2gEZ6gGNMFuTbyjwvxx68glhG5vJ5jkLJNjkWuQznIGIRlM4MQVqOT7xtMvGACv97DfGiaRpx33Z6PzbLLFkDOJ_4XgaRBZ2cv1Yz_sJYcvKExzU6axRBG0A7tt0Rw/s320/Aegle+marmelos+blog+.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Aegle marmelos మారేడు </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">4. </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Gajananaya</b></span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> Namaha: గజాననాయ</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">నమః</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">(My salutations to Elephant faced god)</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Leaf used</b>: (Sanskrit) Durvara patraదూర్వార; (Telugu)Garika గరిక </span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Botanical name: </b> <i>Cyanodon dactylon </i>(Family:Poaceae) All grasses are not garika. this is small grass found in fields. </span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Beware of other grasses; It is often replaced by darbha/ Imperita or some times by Typha in Patri. They cause mild allergy.</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">దర్భ వేరు గరిక వేరు ; దర్భ విష్ణువుకు ప్రీతీ కరమైనది . దర్భ గడ్డిని ఆసనము గా, వైదిక క్రతువులో దీనిని చేతిలో ఉంచుకుని తర్పణము ఇస్తారు. దర్భ ఆకు మొనదేలి ఉంటుంది.</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> గరిక చిన్నదిగా వుంది మృదువుగా ఉంటుంది .వినాయక పూజకుగరిక ను వాడాలి. </span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Medicinal
Use</b>: Tender leaves are used as leafy vegetable; it is used in biliousness,
vomiting, burning sensation, hallucinations, fever, chronic diarrhea and
dysentery, ophthalmia and in skin diseases.</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">(<b>Significance</b>:
An elephant is a herbivore, with small grass like devotion we can win elephant
like large god; in mythology it is said to have arise from the hair of
Prajapati)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4oOtCpxCB3KLKB4ggWgt_mWq2s_4CU4RZ6oc60TeHywo91Vmeh_E9N3tDYhjrFDoDt2B_f75Kv3qRmei7U05bOxuQ66QKoMdqnEFJYKooKD27K1dspRyQMQ-B8V7Iuray_7cs7VKnGQ0/s1600/Cynodon+dactylon.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="290" data-original-width="377" height="246" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4oOtCpxCB3KLKB4ggWgt_mWq2s_4CU4RZ6oc60TeHywo91Vmeh_E9N3tDYhjrFDoDt2B_f75Kv3qRmei7U05bOxuQ66QKoMdqnEFJYKooKD27K1dspRyQMQ-B8V7Iuray_7cs7VKnGQ0/s320/Cynodon+dactylon.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">గరిక Cyanodon dactylon</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
5<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">. </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Harasunve</b></span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Namaha: హరసూనవే</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">నమః</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">(My salutations to Son of Lord Hara-Shiva)</span></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Leaf used</b>: (Sanskrit)Dattura ptra (Telugu)ఉమ్మెత్త</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> Botanical name : <i>Datura metal or D.stramonium </i>either can be used(Family:Solanaceae) </span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">A herb in waste places.flowers large, white or pink, fruit spiny. The leaf, flower and seed are poisonous. తెల్లని లేదా ఊదా రంగు పెద్ద పూలతో ముళ్ల కాయలతో వుండే చిన్న చెట్టు , విషపూరితం </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Medicinal Use</b>:</span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif">It is used to treat asthma, cough, rheumatism, muscle pain and dog bite.</span></span></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">(<b>Significance</b>: As lord Shiva bear poison in his throat this plant also have poisonous seeds, in some hallucination Shiva be headed Ganesh and after knowing that he is the creation of Goddess Parvathi his wife he gave rebirth to him by adhesing the head of an elephant )</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbjn1E87pTkRvLL4qrtpoEkEfEheua_tO8wJM8NR3uPHuU8fk9mWAI8ewJiN-bXGN3DEewiJc3S-QU1lAWpgcnm2I0PxpQO7ZDFtRqSWeisid2y5hVNph3qv-qK9Ru9x4QUIqCYMbenpo/s1600/IMG_3689.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="336" data-original-width="440" height="244" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbjn1E87pTkRvLL4qrtpoEkEfEheua_tO8wJM8NR3uPHuU8fk9mWAI8ewJiN-bXGN3DEewiJc3S-QU1lAWpgcnm2I0PxpQO7ZDFtRqSWeisid2y5hVNph3qv-qK9Ru9x4QUIqCYMbenpo/s320/IMG_3689.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Datura metal ఉమ్మెత్త </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
6<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">. </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Lambodaraya </b></span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Namaha</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">: లంబోదరాయ</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">నమః</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">(My salutations to god with a descending stomach)</span></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Leaf used</b>: (Sanskrit)Badari patra బదరీ పత్రం; (Telugu-Regu రేగు ; </span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Botanical name</b> : <em>Zizyphus mauritiana/ Z.jujba</em>(Family:Rhamnaceae)</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Medicinal Use: </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Fruits are eaten fresh or dried; they are astringent, cooling, stomachic, styptic, and laxative. Bark is used in bone fracture.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt;">The purified resin makes the high-quality shellac.</span></span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span> Habitat: An armed shrub in forests or in waste places.</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">చిన్న ముళ్ళుండి పొదలాగా పెరుగుతుంది </span></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Mythological significance</b>: When Lord Vishnu undergoing a great penance at Himalayas, Badri Vriksham gives shade to him. Hence it is considered as sacred tree.It is said to have admnistered by "Ashwani devathalu" the divine doctors used this fruit for strength)</span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1VN8cQti03PQXDz_RBp7eyiwhdGqcz-6_NgHHQPUbMAVWDJ8zlFu-QfYx1ImtyHe0-o1-jAd3AKNP4-8LdW1c6PFb1qnJkB0pg9xV4T5_IbyWM2sn557UNW49vs0SZTUEab3Pw2Enuds/s1600/3+Ziziphus+jujuba+regu.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="302" data-original-width="391" height="247" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1VN8cQti03PQXDz_RBp7eyiwhdGqcz-6_NgHHQPUbMAVWDJ8zlFu-QfYx1ImtyHe0-o1-jAd3AKNP4-8LdW1c6PFb1qnJkB0pg9xV4T5_IbyWM2sn557UNW49vs0SZTUEab3Pw2Enuds/s320/3+Ziziphus+jujuba+regu.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">రేగు Zizyphus jujuba</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">7.</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Guhagrajaya</b></span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> Namaha: గుహాగ్రజాయ</span></span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">నమః</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">(My salutations to the elder brother of Karthikeya or the superior hearted)</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Leaf used:</b> (Sanskrit)Apamarga patraఅపామార్గ, (Telugu)Uttareni</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> ఉత్తరేణి -</span></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name <em>Achyranthes aspera</em> (Family:Amaranthaceae)</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> <b>Medicinal Use</b>:</span><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif">The plant is useful in eye and liver complaints, rheumatism, scabies and other skin diseases. The branches are used as tooth brushes. Decoction of whole plant is diuretic and used in renal dropsy. </span>R<span face=""verdana" , sans-serif">oot is used for </span><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif">scorpion bite. the leaf is cooked as leafy vegetable)</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> </span></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Habitat: A herb found in waste places.దీనికి పొడవైన ముళ్లవంటి చిన్న పూలున్న కాడలు కొమ్మల చివర ఉంటాయి . రోడ్లవెంబడి కలుపు లాగ పెరిగే చిన్న చెట్టు </span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Mythological significance</b>: The dried stems and seed are used in "Homas" especially in Raajasuya yaagam; it is believed this plant diverts the enemies from us, hence apaa maarga; it is by his intelligence he won the race ahead of his brother Karthikeya)</span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRGIBscTEG44AncNeEVP0acEC57Dm3x3Fk9dQlH5mYDj3ZQkD2vmw3dMcLB6evEZ9-1BH2riCdY2qpb82c_aOwksv_iNaHqCaOZCh3NJxSS8qTdSIVhPlcVNJrv1HlkXkfA5tIQFZiKcg/s1600/uttareni.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="336" data-original-width="448" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRGIBscTEG44AncNeEVP0acEC57Dm3x3Fk9dQlH5mYDj3ZQkD2vmw3dMcLB6evEZ9-1BH2riCdY2qpb82c_aOwksv_iNaHqCaOZCh3NJxSS8qTdSIVhPlcVNJrv1HlkXkfA5tIQFZiKcg/s320/uttareni.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">ఉత్తరేణి Achyranthus aspera</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">8</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">. </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Gajakarnaya</b> Namaha: గజ కర్ణాయ</span></span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">నమః</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">(</span></span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">My salutations to </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Elephant eared god)</span></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Leaf used:</b> (Sanskrit)Tulasi (Telugu)Tulasi తులసి -</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name: <em>Ocimum sanctum</em> (Family:Lamiaceae)</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> Medicinal Use:</span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">The leaves are used to manage common cold, teeth ache, skin problems like eczema, earache. It is widely used in home remedies.</span></span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Anti kapha, to control skin and respiratory diseases. The dried stems are made into beeds, a chain made of these beeds is considered as auspicious. </span></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> A sacred herb grown in house holds and temples</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Significance</b> in Mythology: <span style="background: white; line-height: 18.4px;">Vrinda a synonym to Tulasi. Tulasi is regarded as a great worshipper of the god<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="background: white; line-height: 18.4px;">Vishnu. This plant is also considered as a manifestation of<span class="apple-converted-space"> Goddess </span></span>Lakshmi.</span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> It is only during Vinaayaka Chavithi Thulasi is used to worship Lord Vigneswara</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">.</span></span></span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiH4c29X6P8z3t4CR_iTIh8Rbo4pJc2I_WZ0cWDQaYFjYfnNcSU8zN8b6yMl3Fh03rQ-rkKLuwjJZXkEgpHg3n1BynO-5ZPQwCnUvtX-OLg6bH7V42zsk8nMMvqf2o8ToxIlyZSt6s7h7c/s1600/Ocimum+tenuiflorum+var+krishnatulasi+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="336" data-original-width="448" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiH4c29X6P8z3t4CR_iTIh8Rbo4pJc2I_WZ0cWDQaYFjYfnNcSU8zN8b6yMl3Fh03rQ-rkKLuwjJZXkEgpHg3n1BynO-5ZPQwCnUvtX-OLg6bH7V42zsk8nMMvqf2o8ToxIlyZSt6s7h7c/s320/Ocimum+tenuiflorum+var+krishnatulasi+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ocimum sanctum తులసి </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">9.</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Ekadantaya </b>Namaha: ఏక దంతాయ</span></span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">నమః</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">(</span></span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">My salutations to the god w</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">ith one teeth)</span></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Leaf used</b>: (Sanskrit)Chuta patra (Telugu)Mamidi చూత పత్రం, మామిడి -</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> Botanical name : <em>Mangifera indica</em> (Family:Anacardiaceae) </span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Medicinal Use: Fruits are edible;f</span>lowers are used in <span style="background: white;">diarrhea, chronic dysentery and chronic urethritis. Extracts of bark, leaves, stem and unripe fruits are used as antibiotics for many ills;</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">tender leaves are considered anti diabetic.</span></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> Found in cultivation, also in forests.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Mythological significance</b>: </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">P</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span style="background-color: white;">erfectly ripe mango is often held by Lord </span>Ganesha<span style="background-color: white;"> as a symbol of attainment, regarding the devotees' potential perfection. Mango blossoms are also used in the worship of the goddess </span>Saraswati</span><span style="background-color: white;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">. Mangoes are considered favourite fruits to Goddess Parvathi. In the war with demons Lord Ganesh broke one of his teeth, to regain the energy mango is needed. )</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span></span></span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIt8M2AJntBMlkYbdepx43x_K4Y_dTg4UGjgFwiKanucmPsiDXJXvr-4o3Q78l0lPVKEWczIR8o28vfT4q_jQttxJnsz6gT95wqMFoRjijhe28-oQXfJfsQi0i6Qh9CCuq9CBfAZXNCu8/s1600/mango.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="336" data-original-width="448" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIt8M2AJntBMlkYbdepx43x_K4Y_dTg4UGjgFwiKanucmPsiDXJXvr-4o3Q78l0lPVKEWczIR8o28vfT4q_jQttxJnsz6gT95wqMFoRjijhe28-oQXfJfsQi0i6Qh9CCuq9CBfAZXNCu8/s320/mango.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Mango మామిడి </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">10</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Vikataya</b> Namaha: వికటాయ నమః (My salutations to the god Who have changed the shape; Great/ powerful)</span></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Leaf used</b>: (Sanskrit)Karaveera patraకరవీర పత్రం, (Telugu)Genneru </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">గన్నేరు </span></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Botanical name</b>: <i>Nerium oleander Syn. Nerium indicum</i>(Family:Apocyanaceae)</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Some versions indicated that <i>Nerium indicum </i>should be used as it is an Indian plant. Where as <em>Cascabela thevitia </em>is a native of S.America. Both belong to the family Apocyanaceae. Both are poisonous.</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Medicinal Use</b>:Diuretic, for heart diseases,poisonous in high doses A shrub found in siva temples.</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Mythological significance</b>: When he was beheaded by Shiva he was blessed with an elephant head to regain his life; his shape was thus changed or deformed; the leaves are very poisonous; it is resistant to dry conditions; hence we must withstand like this plant in spite of difficulties. <span style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;">The flower is sacred to Lord Shiva and is offered to the deity. It is also offered to Goddess Parvathy.)</span></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjED_k-rrVkHzkVEUsekzpe38ANYbOg5w9dp39048yNooajErHL2XxWrv2Cujd-2J37w6DQJL1jhWHkywOw0NnT6SGFULyS82Smvlaj9qHfMslLiaZTwDVPojpXf1Y9fREm9RwQlP4gir4/s1600/P1080022.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjED_k-rrVkHzkVEUsekzpe38ANYbOg5w9dp39048yNooajErHL2XxWrv2Cujd-2J37w6DQJL1jhWHkywOw0NnT6SGFULyS82Smvlaj9qHfMslLiaZTwDVPojpXf1Y9fREm9RwQlP4gir4/s320/P1080022.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Nerium indicum గన్నేరు </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">11.</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Bhinnadantaya </b>Namaha: భిన్న దంతాయ</span></span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">నమః</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">(</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">My salutations to the god with </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">different lengthed teethed)</span></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Leaf used</b>: (Sanskrit)Vishnukrantham (Telugu)Vishnukrantham విష్ణు క్రాంతం </span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name: <em>Evolvulus alsinoides</em> (Family: Convolvulaceae)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">నేలమీద పరుచుకొని పెరిగే చిన్న మొక్క దీని నీలి పువ్వులే దీని అందం </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> Medicinal Use:Improves memory, used for nurological diseases ) A herb in waste lands.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Significance:</b> the flowers are blue like the glow of Lord Vishnu, Vishnu means who dispersed in the entire universe, hence the sky and oceans are blue the lord is also blue)</span></span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEil145QMG7RmvMqc4Iv-8YSsSD_Pd1_7XdGSJG9i6-8qoXJxm0hlNSFmA7jJAeAA6pECbg0Spnl6IfWTRCOmhrCdbIQAdaCLkVfeFCdrKShgrcYVV_yMAsuV6dqRqki4Ygu1egcllIG0bU/s1600/PB210011.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="239" ox="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEil145QMG7RmvMqc4Iv-8YSsSD_Pd1_7XdGSJG9i6-8qoXJxm0hlNSFmA7jJAeAA6pECbg0Spnl6IfWTRCOmhrCdbIQAdaCLkVfeFCdrKShgrcYVV_yMAsuV6dqRqki4Ygu1egcllIG0bU/s320/PB210011.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><em>Evolvulus alsinoides</em> విష్ణు క్రాంతము </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">12.</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> </span><b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Vatave Namaha</span></b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">: వటవే</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">నమః</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">(</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">My salutations to a</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> cipher) </span></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Leaf used</b>: (Sanskrit)Dadimi patra (Telugu)Danimma</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">దానిమ్మ</span></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name: <em>Punica granatum</em> (Family:Punicaceae)</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Medicinal Use:To control motions, controls bleeding,anti pitta A cultivated shrub</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Significance</b>: it yields a dye, he is the scibe for Veda vyaasa to write Mahabhaaratha, for strength and stamina this fruit is used, it is nutritive hence it is offered)</span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEju0QK-30RW4sQAg37zL-7iORR2-yyOhGqIH1VVud5kwqO0sBiH1o2rLE99aylBGy56TJM7_oKgYkVCsA899vVxLjQAb0KiV_GZXYrVXzG66a_8OVmJtKj0rU6dubni7yw7ENMdvMrnSuw/s1600/P8020031.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="239" ox="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEju0QK-30RW4sQAg37zL-7iORR2-yyOhGqIH1VVud5kwqO0sBiH1o2rLE99aylBGy56TJM7_oKgYkVCsA899vVxLjQAb0KiV_GZXYrVXzG66a_8OVmJtKj0rU6dubni7yw7ENMdvMrnSuw/s320/P8020031.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><em>Punica granatum</em> దానిమ్మ </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">13.</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Sureswaraya</b> Namaha: సురేశ్వరాయనమః(My salutations to supreme of deities)</span></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Leaf used</b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">: </span>(Sanskrit)Maruvaka patr (Telugu)Maruvam మరువం </span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name: <em>Origanum majorana</em> (Family:Lamiaceae)</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Medicinal Use:For Rhumatic diseases and skin diseases Cultivated aromatic herb.</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Significance: For the supreme lord I offer this pleasant smelled leafy herb ; unless a leader has pleasant qualities he may not win the hearts of his followers)</span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgt0X1RMSSkvU8xrcc57GE_hEw8md1O4P7CdfKM2MIFC2zehIw_lTxXDPP03wZ9e4OPIayQlOsPZjO-WeC4Nlbiz7Vq7LkkMAr55qRU72PGCTMDjRlhZzBhNJdd9WBqrKTYN8PpvvJJebs/s1600/P8050002.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="239" ox="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgt0X1RMSSkvU8xrcc57GE_hEw8md1O4P7CdfKM2MIFC2zehIw_lTxXDPP03wZ9e4OPIayQlOsPZjO-WeC4Nlbiz7Vq7LkkMAr55qRU72PGCTMDjRlhZzBhNJdd9WBqrKTYN8PpvvJJebs/s320/P8050002.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><em>Origanum majorana</em> మరువము </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
14.<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Phaalachandraya</b> Namaha: ఫాల చంద్రాయనమః(My salutations to the God with moon like forehead or who bears moon on his forehead)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Leaf used</b>: two texts available one is gandaki</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">- </span></span><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;">Gandaki</b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> గండకీ , గందరి అంటే telugu లో చెఱకు, దేవ కాంచనం అని అర్ధములున్నాయి , అందువలన చెఱకు తో పూజించుట సమంజసము(As per Sanskrit dictionary gandaki means having lumps/ nodes with juice ; hence it is appropriate to use Sugarcane)</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">another text (Sanskrit)Jambeeraజంబీర (Telugu)Gajanimma గజనిమ్మ </span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name -<em>Citrus limonium</em> (Family: Rutaceae)</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Medicinal Use:Digestive A tree cultivated for its fruits.</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Significance</b>: He is so pleasant like moon for such pleasant god we offer sweet tasted sugarcane to bless us with sweet fruits in all walks in life)</span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAnHLyp_aLn9OithvHOHNVJpgKpp7Bz-VdG7w-eq6a73EOBugrN5TACd9ASKjcIPOuGfL0MA3XVdRb8FMYy3UiL18HP7mAwDlAyy8diMAxX1MmVCnhSlN1BQqP1VgPMzKERzs1BG5UDI0/s1600/P5060025.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="239" ox="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAnHLyp_aLn9OithvHOHNVJpgKpp7Bz-VdG7w-eq6a73EOBugrN5TACd9ASKjcIPOuGfL0MA3XVdRb8FMYy3UiL18HP7mAwDlAyy8diMAxX1MmVCnhSlN1BQqP1VgPMzKERzs1BG5UDI0/s320/P5060025.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><em>Citrus limonium</em> పెద్ద నిమ్మ </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJAokJWi0Hd284yyK38pimXeULwQxlV7lp5BIkLToGI8KSs0imUV_TQ69nWO0ygllOI1NZjmI5XAqfwGJTLv5gPgEHIJmi1QExItXnD4cUNxvi42eCZ6POLekJbAAKUzs18GgVuiTYEl8/s1600/P1012418+Saccharum+.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="448" data-original-width="336" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJAokJWi0Hd284yyK38pimXeULwQxlV7lp5BIkLToGI8KSs0imUV_TQ69nWO0ygllOI1NZjmI5XAqfwGJTLv5gPgEHIJmi1QExItXnD4cUNxvi42eCZ6POLekJbAAKUzs18GgVuiTYEl8/s320/P1012418+Saccharum+.JPG" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">గండకీ Saccharum officinarum</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">15. </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Sarveswaraya</b> Namaha: సర్వేశ్వరాయ</span></span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">నమః</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">(</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">My salutations to the </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">God for all)</span></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Leaf used</b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">: </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">(Sanskrit)</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Devadaru </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> (Telugu)Devadaru-దేవ దారు </span></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name -<em>Cedrus deodar</em> (Family:Pinaceae) This plant is found in Himalayas only; </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">hence in South India an alternative is </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">used.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cedrus_deodara">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cedrus_deodara<strong> </strong></a></span></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Medicinal Use:For Skin diseases, anti pyre</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">tic.</span>I<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">n South India where Cedrus is not available, <i>Erytroxylum </i>is used . It is available in scrub forests.</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Cedrus and <i>Erythroxylum</i> have fragrant wood) </span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgF8PPOCIZpSCCA1pPk9f916WGLcVpdgi7ekoxGuhyOa4GTxjT3uVY9XO7i1Yhhzwyg5blIGHZ9d-pUYrzDFQT3Sunt8cPZ7Vdt4XiEA5ll_3O9IhXMzDVG7vaedZD-o7efbxijUv05CG0/s1600/erythroxylum+.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgF8PPOCIZpSCCA1pPk9f916WGLcVpdgi7ekoxGuhyOa4GTxjT3uVY9XO7i1Yhhzwyg5blIGHZ9d-pUYrzDFQT3Sunt8cPZ7Vdt4XiEA5ll_3O9IhXMzDVG7vaedZD-o7efbxijUv05CG0/s320/erythroxylum+.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<i>Erythroxylum monogynum </i>దేవదారు </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">16. <b>Herambhaya </b>Namaha: హేరంభాయ</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">నమః</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">(</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">My salutations to a</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> boastful hero)</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Leaf used</b>: (Sanskrit)Sindhuvara patramసింధువార పత్రం ;(Telugu)Vavili-వావిలి </span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name: <em>Vitex nigundo</em> (Family: Verbinaceae)</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Medicinal Use: Anti vata, relieve pains in muscles and joints.</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">A shrub cultivated as a hedge plant or run wild in waste places</span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjg5oV7J0YtpVWWf7Om9XT9os-JnskfwbO9VSpCCPhJbXdSoMmQY1lMUByszDa2sVe9fbDyzVMQv85DHJWcAFTQ2ed_ASfGcXSqem3VoczrY-R5AfpuL5EQL9Ot1I52la7eo6N73ueXJQ/s1600/P2020027.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="239" ox="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjg5oV7J0YtpVWWf7Om9XT9os-JnskfwbO9VSpCCPhJbXdSoMmQY1lMUByszDa2sVe9fbDyzVMQv85DHJWcAFTQ2ed_ASfGcXSqem3VoczrY-R5AfpuL5EQL9Ot1I52la7eo6N73ueXJQ/s320/P2020027.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><em>Vitex nigundo</em> వావిలి </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
. 17.<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> <b>Surpakarnaya</b> Namaha: శూర్పకర్ణాయ</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">నమః</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">(</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">My salutations to </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">a winnowing basketed eared god like elephants ears)</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Leaf used</b>: (Sanskrit)Jaji patram (Telugu)Jaji.జాజీ </span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name : <em>Jasminum angustifolium</em> (Family : Oleaceae)</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Medicinal Use:For skin diseases</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> A twiner in forests</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Significance: It is with pleasant odour, it is liked by Parvathi, and Lord Shiva </span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuj10pQc_VoBtcOtgh8pdFQWX2BN4Moli88JzIgxc9KmW7G1G_jOi2GRwTiznKLVXZi2Qrp861UEh3TFdpDgfoyYrpY6NMzufV3FAZT8WDDPE1xqtCxqKMbmCBPUB0MmoBSEdQewidj88/s1600/P1011062.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="239" ox="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuj10pQc_VoBtcOtgh8pdFQWX2BN4Moli88JzIgxc9KmW7G1G_jOi2GRwTiznKLVXZi2Qrp861UEh3TFdpDgfoyYrpY6NMzufV3FAZT8WDDPE1xqtCxqKMbmCBPUB0MmoBSEdQewidj88/s320/P1011062.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><em>Jasminum angustifolium</em> జాజి </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">18.</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> <span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>I</b><b>bhavaktraya Namaha</b></span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">: ఇభ వక్త్రాయ</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">నమః</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">(</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">My salutations to </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Elephant faced god )</span></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Leaf used</b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">: </span>(Sanskrit)Shami patramశమీ ; (Telugu)Jammiజమ్మి </span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">for image clic</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">k </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/45835639@N04/5453607818/in/dateposted/">https://www.flickr.com/photos/45835639@N04/5453607818/in/dateposted/</a></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name: </span><b style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><i>Prosopis cineraria</i></span></b><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">(L.) Druce,</span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Syn. <em>Acacia spicigera</em> (Family: Fabaceae/Mimosaceae)</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Medicinal Use:Pacifying, digestive A small tree in forests or found in some temples.</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Significance in Mythology</b>: <span style="background-color: white; line-height: 21px; text-align: justify;">the god of fire- Agni hid in the heart of the Shami tree to escape from the wrath of Brighu Maharishi.</span><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 21px; text-align: justify;">Shami Tree also represents goddess Durga</span><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 21px; text-align: justify;">. This tree is also worshiped by Lord Sri Ram. </span><span style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;">The wood was used to kindle the sacred fire during Vedic times. Shamipuja – the worshipping of the Shami tree finds mention in both Ramayana and the Mahabharata.</span><span style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;"> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: #333333; line-height: 25px;">शमी शमयते पापम् शमी शत्रुविनाशिनी ।</span><br style="color: #333333; line-height: 25px;" /><span style="color: #333333; line-height: 25px;">अर्जुनस्य धनुर्धारी रामस्य प्रियदर्शिनी ॥</span><br style="color: #333333; line-height: 25px;" /><span style="color: #333333; line-height: 25px;">करिष्यमाणयात्राया यथाकालम् सुखम् मया ।</span><br style="color: #333333; line-height: 25px;" /><span style="color: #333333; line-height: 25px;">तत्रनिर्विघ्नकर्त्रीत्वं भव श्रीरामपूजिता ॥</span></span><br />
<br />
<div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcC_Z6bGLOEf4MSVevnxoqg-8hLngjz5TU5pE7-a36HdabDEZzkM7IWUrhGggR9-Yfxb95hJ2DjzyGqxR3nD41O_M7HEF-jRU_PWgL3vo6H5vhdSWiajcbLlh53552p_A0Bzpy8FvtihM/s1600/Prosopis+cineraria.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcC_Z6bGLOEf4MSVevnxoqg-8hLngjz5TU5pE7-a36HdabDEZzkM7IWUrhGggR9-Yfxb95hJ2DjzyGqxR3nD41O_M7HEF-jRU_PWgL3vo6H5vhdSWiajcbLlh53552p_A0Bzpy8FvtihM/s320/Prosopis+cineraria.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Prosopis cineraria జమ్మి </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
19. <span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Vinayakaya Namaha</b>: వినాయకాయ</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">నమః</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">(</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">My salutations to lord Vinaayak a great leader)</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Leaf used</b>: (Sanskrit)Aswatha patram </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">అశ్వత్థము</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">(Telugu)Ravi రావి , –</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">It is also known as peepal tree, Bhodhi tree.</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name: <em>Ficus religiosa</em> (Family: Moraceae )</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Medicinal Use:Digestive ,enhances reproductivity,pacifying ) A tree found in temples especially in Vishnu temples</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Significance</b> in Mythology: River Sarswathi is said to be arised from the roots of this tree. It is considered as manifestation of Lord Vishnu. Many sages meditate under this tree.</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Lord Budhha attained his spiritual knowledge (Gnana) under this tree; the tree is still seen in Gaya town of Bihar. When this tree unites with Margosa tree the pair is considered as auspicious and worshipped as Lord Vishnu and Lakshmi. This tree is said to have an embodiment of knowledge, hence a great leader should have good knowledge, hence we offer</span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQtt_t2Nw7DI8sdINOoMoEqoQ56VDQq-z8aIAj3VV5WJ_E8S3suYnhB6RvH51I31xgEEjohrJLhBUOXAx7vdGs9fidgH-6rGyWOJ24ES-pwOhAJaG6cqlxhkNrAe5d34rr0D8h7NE3rVQ/s1600/raavi+aakulu.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="336" data-original-width="448" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQtt_t2Nw7DI8sdINOoMoEqoQ56VDQq-z8aIAj3VV5WJ_E8S3suYnhB6RvH51I31xgEEjohrJLhBUOXAx7vdGs9fidgH-6rGyWOJ24ES-pwOhAJaG6cqlxhkNrAe5d34rr0D8h7NE3rVQ/s320/raavi+aakulu.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">రావి Ficus religiosa</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">20.</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Surasevitaya Namaha:</b> సుర సేవితాయ</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">నమః(My salutations to the god who served by deities)</span></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Leaf used</b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">: </span>(Sanskrit)Arjuna patra (Telugu)Tella maddi.తెల్ల మద్ది -</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name :<em>Terminalia arjuna</em>(Family: Combritaceae)</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Medicinal Use: The decoction of bark is a tonic in heart diseases. </span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Habitat: Cultivated along roadsides ; Naturally found in forests</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Mythological significance</b>: </span><span style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">The tree bears the same name as Arjuna, the warrior hero of the epic Mahabharata. Arjuna in Sanskrit means ‘white’. This refers to the white coloured bark of the tree.</span></span></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">According to the Bhagavatha Purana, Nalakuber and Mangriva, the sons of Kubera were cursed to turn into the Arjun tree by Narada. After about 100 years, the two were relieved of the curse by Lord Krishna.</span></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">It is described in many Puranas, as favourite tree to dieties.</span></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Lord Shiva is compared to this tree, his colour is white like the bark of this tree; a leader should be pure and shine in white hence this tree) </span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiz6L-OeAgX8lGreNGV8EnDq90yV6JhJS5fYwmc7ZcNQmu7p5I4robUhuz0icGR_QCvDndH-rGeRZe-qdqDoKpsxGiwHFGiFBz41WqpWL4A3qBHbsCze3VR5EiZGLPMvGTTo7EA444po2I/s1600/P1010932.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="239" ox="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiz6L-OeAgX8lGreNGV8EnDq90yV6JhJS5fYwmc7ZcNQmu7p5I4robUhuz0icGR_QCvDndH-rGeRZe-qdqDoKpsxGiwHFGiFBz41WqpWL4A3qBHbsCze3VR5EiZGLPMvGTTo7EA444po2I/s320/P1010932.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><em>Terminalia arjuna</em> తెల్ల మద్ది </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
21. <span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Kapilaya Namaha</b>: కపిలాయ</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">నమః</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">(</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">My salutations to the god who shines like sacred</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> fire in reddish colour)</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Leaf used</b>: (Sanskrit)Arka patramఅర్క (Telugu)Jilledu-జిల్లేడు </span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name: Calotropis gigantia (Family: Asclepiadaceae)</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Medicinal Use:Anti poisonous, anti vata</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Habitat: A shrub in waste places</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Mythological significance</b>: It is related to Lord Sun(Arka means Sun), and Shiva is also fond of the flowers of Calotropis. The woody root is used make Lord Ganesh idols, which are considered as auspicious. It is said the plant arise from hot milk carried by Angirasa etc rishis, it generates heat in the body, withstand heat. he shines like Lord Surya/ Kapila </span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikVuqzmehKoG1D8AayZGxC5qzVve-oP1aYo2_OBrckFWnJ3lJmA5WW45MhqzAAWQWXPN47qXpdz4kCnEU3X0zJimtI2jn-Ffn_aqahvkcs-T3VzHOEECsCkYQVHCa18C8q-arFgRHLo_Q/s1600/P4250021.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="239" ox="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikVuqzmehKoG1D8AayZGxC5qzVve-oP1aYo2_OBrckFWnJ3lJmA5WW45MhqzAAWQWXPN47qXpdz4kCnEU3X0zJimtI2jn-Ffn_aqahvkcs-T3VzHOEECsCkYQVHCa18C8q-arFgRHLo_Q/s320/P4250021.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><em>Calotropis gigantia</em> జిల్లేడు </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0yRcg2oTTT6KxzZhDaRg2PD5xgzWUtKS_XiK4QbFjD8_9VTk9vYMpUN00nMwngO-X_NPEyoRDIuj3UWPzh5WMQpjp6dINyA3KnJ6YfO-LjhBEXjEM1eq6Fp6HtrKn18r-OsuiVmu96ug/s1600/Wood+apple.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="234" ox="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0yRcg2oTTT6KxzZhDaRg2PD5xgzWUtKS_XiK4QbFjD8_9VTk9vYMpUN00nMwngO-X_NPEyoRDIuj3UWPzh5WMQpjp6dINyA3KnJ6YfO-LjhBEXjEM1eq6Fp6HtrKn18r-OsuiVmu96ug/s320/Wood+apple.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">వెలగ </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Note:There may be some differences in the texts, in some texts instead of Jambeera patram, gandaki patram is given. the names and order is also slightly different. I have followed the text published by TTD book "sacred plants:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">While collecting the leaves for
Vinayaka puja, some precautions have to be observed.పత్రి సేకరించే టప్పుడు కొన్ని జాగ్రత్తలు పాటించండి </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Ganneru is a poisonous plant,
swallowing of 1-2 leaves may lead to death in children.గన్నేరు ఆకులు విషము ; పిల్లలు నోటిలో పెట్టుకోకుండా చూడండి <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"> Seeds of Datura are also poisonous, the fruits
are spiny, warn your children while enjoying the festival;ఉమ్మెత్త విత్తనాలు కుడా విషయుతమే . కాయల ముళ్ళు గుచ్చుకోకుండా చూడండి <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">The latex of Calotropis is a
ophthalmic poison, without any irritation the eye sight is lost if the milky
liquid contacts with the eyes. Observe your
children, and tell them not put the hand in your eyes unless washed with soap.
Till today there is no cure for this poisoning. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">ఇక జిల్లేడు పాలు కళ్ళల్లో పడితే చూపు కోల్పోతారు .కాబట్టి చేతులు కళ్ళల్లో పెట్టుకోకుండా చూడండి . చాలామంది తెలియక చూపు కోల్పోతున్నారు , జాగ్రత్త </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Ziziphus-regu, Maredu, vakudu are
spiny plants, they may hurt you.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">రేగు, వాకుడు, మారేడు యివన్నీ ముళ్ళ చెట్లు , ముళ్ళు కళ్ళలో గుచ్చుకోకుండా చూడండి </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"> Lord Ganesha is
a God of intellect. He indicates that in this world there are good and bad persons around us like tulasi, garika like non-poisonous plants and
jilledu to ummetta like poisonous plants; but all are useful in some way; "I consider all in similar way; learn how to deal with people like
these thorny or poisonous plants and get the best from them". Good wishes.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">ప్రపంచములో మనచుట్టూ విషపు మొక్కల వంటి వారు, ముళ్ళ చెట్ల వంటి వారు, తులసి వంటి పవత్రమైన మంచి వారు వుంటారు , భగవంతుని దృష్టి లో అందరూ సమానమే , అందరిలో ఎంతో కొంత మంచి వుంటుంది , ఎవరి తో యెట్లా ప్రవర్తించాలో తెలుసుకోవడం కూడా తెలుస్తుంది . మన మొక్కల విలువ తెలుస్తుంది. </span><br />
<br /></div>
వినాయకుడికి వెలగ పండు ప్రీతి కరమని భావిస్తారు. కానిదీన్నిపత్రి లో ఉపయోగించరు <span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Since <span style="font-size: medium;">the patri sold in the market contains some weeds which are allergic to humans; Eg. Instead of machipatram, Pitchimachapatri or the congress grass – <em>Parthenium hysterophorus</em> is sold.</span></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: medium;">Celebrate the festival in an environmentally friendly way. Since I am a Botany lecturer I have provided the images I got from my camera. This is to educate the unconcerned people on Nature.</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: medium;">Whenever you handle poisonous plants be careful, never put your fingers or hand in the eyes or rub your eyes with the plant sap.</span><br />
<b>విఘ్నేశ్వరుడు అందరికి </b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms"; font-size: 18.6667px; line-height: 28px;"> </span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms"; line-height: 28px;"><b>సద్భుద్ధిని,</b></span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms"; font-size: 18.6667px; line-height: 28px;"> </span><b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms"; line-height: 28px;">శక్తిని, శుభాన్ని ఇవ్వాలని ప్రార్ధిస్తూ ... శుభాకాంక్షలతో, withbest wishes</span></b><br />
<br /></div>
</div>
Lalithambahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05559688683225962305noreply@blogger.com31tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2432559328926822157.post-327443876253774182010-05-31T09:06:00.011-07:002023-12-30T00:37:23.244-08:00పూజ కు ఉపయోగించే కొన్ని పవిత్ర పుష్పాలు వాటి విశిష్టత <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><strong>పూజ కు ఉపయోగించే కొన్ని పవిత్ర పుష్పాలు వాటి విశిష్టత . <span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">The following are some of the sacred flowers described in our ancient literature. They are used for worship in temples and in many houses throughout India.</span></strong><br />
ఈ పుష్పాలకు సువాసన తో బాటు ఔషధ గుణములు కూడా వున్నవి .బజారు లో దొరికేవి కొన్ని. పూర్వము అడవులలో నుండి సేకరించి / తోటలలో పెంచి పూజకు ఉపయోగించే వారు. చాలా మందికి బంతి ,చేమంతి, జాజి,మల్లె, గులాబీ, సంపెంగ, పద్మము, కనకాంబరం తెలిసినంతగా ఇతర పుష్పాలను కూడా వాడ వచ్చని తెలియదు. అందువల్ల ఈ వ్యాసము ఒక చిన్న ప్రయత్నము <span style="font-family: Martel;">raama shree raama</span><span style="font-family: Ramabhadra;"> </span><span style="font-family: Ramabhadra;"><br /></span>
<strong>1. పద్మము,<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> (Lotus):</span> </strong>దీన్నే తామర(తెలుగు)కమలము, అరవిందము, నళినము, సరోజము, వారిజము, అని కూడా అంటారు.పుండరీకము, కల్హారము,అంటే తెల్లని పద్మము అని అర్ధము. ఇది విష్ణువు కు, లక్ష్మి కి ప్రీతి పాత్రము.<br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name:<b> Nelumbo nucifera</b> Gaertn., Family: Nelumbonaceae</span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJhhOtqva4-gHLqkOEbNbL5mfhA7w78kcdm0ubZnnypbFMPRW1-CHdpWtd39dr1x5wn3ZfX1gdHt334Emq1hXt7aoKdiKSaGUKCiWE8wKLnxMzl6gP8A_T_F7Wc_kTSUdh6fKoBsPWE2k/s1600/lotus.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJhhOtqva4-gHLqkOEbNbL5mfhA7w78kcdm0ubZnnypbFMPRW1-CHdpWtd39dr1x5wn3ZfX1gdHt334Emq1hXt7aoKdiKSaGUKCiWE8wKLnxMzl6gP8A_T_F7Wc_kTSUdh6fKoBsPWE2k/s320/lotus.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Lotus పద్మము </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
2. <b>కదంబము/ కడిమి : <span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name: Mitragyna parvifolia (Roxb.) Korth., Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser,</span></b>ఈ రెండు వృక్షాలు కదంబముగా పిలవ బడుతున్నాయి . వ్యాసుడు,<b> </b>మహాకవి కాళిదాసు, శంకర భగవత్పాదులు పార్వతినికదంబ వన వాసిని , కదంబ ప్రియ గా<b> </b>వర్ణించారు. <b> </b> ఈ చెట్లు అడవిలో సహజం గా పెరుగుతాయి . పుష్పాలు సువాసన భరితం గా ఉంటాయి. <br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiY8_nvZeGThJZgoG1JnNFk3b-p80LWnAQN0qyJH4Hk_GiIjQkRNpS_e4x1SrMTx1HBWSCuF21x3GBCPuX9AlcuTFcn-kgGY3X8OrTXqWr-krdQ32Zw5KXoRhaHjYZ794shvpBr0edp340/s1600/Mitragyna+parvifolia.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiY8_nvZeGThJZgoG1JnNFk3b-p80LWnAQN0qyJH4Hk_GiIjQkRNpS_e4x1SrMTx1HBWSCuF21x3GBCPuX9AlcuTFcn-kgGY3X8OrTXqWr-krdQ32Zw5KXoRhaHjYZ794shvpBr0edp340/s320/Mitragyna+parvifolia.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Mitragyna / కదంబ </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpthIKgNgDV3RmDUbLUnrDmgkY0FsTS5QDuwGDjw0-lnYrL4IlD18ePSvv9nxLbdbalYBu9ALv7O4Gu6ZVvjpyfH6coOhFb1OleKl6zRqGhyQX2kuonbnrgyPUgste4qiBjcr4AieD1po/s1600/neolamarkia+.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpthIKgNgDV3RmDUbLUnrDmgkY0FsTS5QDuwGDjw0-lnYrL4IlD18ePSvv9nxLbdbalYBu9ALv7O4Gu6ZVvjpyfH6coOhFb1OleKl6zRqGhyQX2kuonbnrgyPUgste4qiBjcr4AieD1po/s320/neolamarkia+.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">కదంబ /Neolamarkia </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b> </b>3.<b>జపా పుష్పం: మందారం <span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name: </span></b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Hibiscus rosa-sinensis</b> ; Family: Malvaceae</span><br />
ఈ పుష్పాలను కాళికా మాతకు , శివుడికి ప్రీతి పాత్ర మైనవి గా వర్ణించారు. అంగారకుని జపా పుష్ప వర్ణము కల వాని గా వర్నిస్తారు. జిల్లేడు,మరికొన్ని పుష్పములను కూడా మందారము అని వర్ణించడం జరిగింది.<b style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif; font-size: 15.4px;">Bauhinia purpurea</b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 15.4px;"> L.,</span><b style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif; font-size: 15.4px;"><span style="line-height: 17.71px;">Bauhinia variegata<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span></b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 15.4px; line-height: 17.71px;">L., </span><b style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif; font-size: 15.4px;"><span style="line-height: 17.71px;">Bauhinia tomentosa</span></b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 15.4px; line-height: 17.71px;"> L., వీటిని కూడా మందారము / దేవకాంచనము/ మోదుగ అంటారు. </span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 15.4px; line-height: 17.71px;">"మందార గంధ సంయుక్తం, చారు హాసం ..... అని కృష్ణుని,</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 15.4px;">మందార గంధ యుతం అని అమ్మ వారిని వర్ణించారు. </span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 15.4px;">పార్వతిని "మహతీ మేరునిలయా మందార కుసుమ ప్రియా "అని వర్ణించారు</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 15.4px;"> </span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwWKCWntdefujMAugrVH-4y9G96pjJo-28U0MJkitKp3M7EdBojltci6L982BwuRf1uXW2juq5E-ekBqI_INGjfdnpZrVVVt9x8Y20Z2OZRb2O51Ox7W3Nx-p5xVnZ9PKRHFCqePedtmo/s1600/Bauhinea+purpurea+.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwWKCWntdefujMAugrVH-4y9G96pjJo-28U0MJkitKp3M7EdBojltci6L982BwuRf1uXW2juq5E-ekBqI_INGjfdnpZrVVVt9x8Y20Z2OZRb2O51Ox7W3Nx-p5xVnZ9PKRHFCqePedtmo/s320/Bauhinea+purpurea+.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Bauhinia purpurea మందారము</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqA5S3lbeThGFMhyb5QZdYCO89SbKtFd0GmJ8tJVKBuZICKdlNoH2_x-nY5FXebuaY1wJPwS7n8JaDJHCvWo-ajqZ2aQcPSDnbyzIUYTiq1COV41UlmdTIUhv68dd9NxL4L2gZ2t908lo/s1600/Hibiscus.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqA5S3lbeThGFMhyb5QZdYCO89SbKtFd0GmJ8tJVKBuZICKdlNoH2_x-nY5FXebuaY1wJPwS7n8JaDJHCvWo-ajqZ2aQcPSDnbyzIUYTiq1COV41UlmdTIUhv68dd9NxL4L2gZ2t908lo/s320/Hibiscus.jpg" width="254" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">జపా పుష్పం </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="text-align: left;">4. </span><b style="text-align: left;">నీలోత్పలము</b><span style="text-align: left;"> : </span><b style="text-align: left;">నల్ల/నీలి కలువ:</b><span style="text-align: left;"> </span><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; text-align: left;">Indian
blue water lily, Indian water lily (Eng.);</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span face=""verdana" , sans-serif">కృష్ణుని కొందరు కవులు </span> నీలోత్పల ద్యుతి(నీలి కాలువ వంటి వర్ణము /కాంతి) గల వాని గా వర్ణించారు . దుర్గా దేవి పూజ కు, నారాయణుని పూజకు విశేషంగా వాడతారు . </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name: </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b><span style="line-height: 115%;">Nymphaea nouchali</span></b><span style="line-height: 115%;"> Burm.f., syn. </span><i><span style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">Nymphaea stellata </span></i><span style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">Willd.</span></span></div>
<span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="background: white;"></span></span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbxPa9S4eGBCKnL8M-UtHpWQCIsnw3RA8ADKilFlOJpyTfc3pMVLINOiNbe6yxBoMiU-cPGIwHLCUb_kaRjWt70Q00w16_9UlAy2ytKQpCwfGZDYgIFATikyDeN8bH_sxOiRCCXcrZt80/s1600/blue+nymphaea.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbxPa9S4eGBCKnL8M-UtHpWQCIsnw3RA8ADKilFlOJpyTfc3pMVLINOiNbe6yxBoMiU-cPGIwHLCUb_kaRjWt70Q00w16_9UlAy2ytKQpCwfGZDYgIFATikyDeN8bH_sxOiRCCXcrZt80/s320/blue+nymphaea.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">నీలి కలువ </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
5. <b>కుందము: అడవి జాజి: </b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Botanical name: Jasminum auriculatum </b>Family: Oleaceae </span><b> కాళిదాసు </b>పార్వతి పలు వరుస కుందముల వలె ఉన్నవని వర్ణింప బడినది.సరస్వతి మల్లె వలె తెల్లని వర్ణము కలిగినదని వర్ణించ బడినది. ఇవి దేవి పూజకు వాడబడుతున్నాయి. <span style="background-color: white; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 14.6667px;">వాసంతి, </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 14.6667px;">మాగధి, </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 15.4px; text-align: justify;">మొల్లలు అనికూడా పిలుస్తారు. ఇవి సుగంధ భరితము. </span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<b style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif; font-size: 14.6667px;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Jasminum sambac</span></b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 14.6667px;"> (L.) Aiton, </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 14.6667px;">మల్లె, </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 15.4px; text-align: justify;">నవమల్లిక</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 15.4px; text-align: justify;"> ఇవి మనము విరివిగా వాడే , బజారులో దొరికే మల్లె పూలు. </span><b style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif; font-size: 14.6667px;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Jasminum angustifolium</span></b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 14.6667px;"> (L.) Willd., </span><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif; font-size: 14.6667px;">అడవిమల్లె,</b><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , "freemono" , monospace; font-size: 15.4px; text-align: justify;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">సిరి</span></span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 11pt;">మల్లె,</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 11pt;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 11pt;"> శ్రీ</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 11pt;">మల్లె</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 15.4px; text-align: justify;"> ఇవి కూడా అడవులలో దొరుకుతాయి. సుగంధ భరితము, ఈ మల్లె జాతులన్నీ దేవుని పూజకు ఉపయోగించ వచ్చు </span> </div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsfUrO2maDHw0dStPdxIusSjUAFWPcK5icqQn9LN4otoYnozTc6u4VHh6yGIZR-QnVNXyxuGov34VaLEikYHFjjsizRrIH06_4_uov7dQXNBYhsj2FhcaVquPxXTBvvDlNONIqPBX_btQ/s1600/adavi+malle.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="277" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsfUrO2maDHw0dStPdxIusSjUAFWPcK5icqQn9LN4otoYnozTc6u4VHh6yGIZR-QnVNXyxuGov34VaLEikYHFjjsizRrIH06_4_uov7dQXNBYhsj2FhcaVquPxXTBvvDlNONIqPBX_btQ/s320/adavi+malle.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">కుందము </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<b>6. బంధూక పుష్పము : మంకెన పువ్వు : సూర్యాష్టకం లో-బంధూక పుష్ప సంకాశం - హార కుండల శోభితం ; మహా పాప హరం...... తం సూర్యం ప్రణ మామ్య హం </b>సూర్యుని వర్ణము బంధూక పుష్ప వర్ణము గా వర్ణించారు.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name:. <b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Pentapetes</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></span><b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">phoenicea</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">L.,Family: Malvaceae</span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Ixora coccinea</b></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">L., Family: Rubiaceae</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> దీనిని <b>రామబాణం, </b></span><b style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">నూరువరహాల</b><b style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">పూలు అంటారు, దీనికే </span><b style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">మంకెన, బంధూకము </b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">అనే పేర్లు కూడా వున్నాయి. కావున వీటిని కూడా ఉపయోగించ వచ్చు. ఎర్రని రంగు కలిగిన పుష్పాలను కొందరు మంకెన పూలు గా వ్యవహరిస్తారు. </span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">లలితా దేవిని "బంధూక కుసుమ ప్రఖ్యా "అని, "జపా పుష్ప నిభా కృతి"అని వర్ణించారు </span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4qdCHYDccGxaCgj0JS_DrWM2dAZDVV_ZD0ha9KlVmzSMKbL8bqqdwcfYxFwoEe8KQqY61iLGuNoFGh6AAhyv2nzUYDCP67U647VbLkbDGm4y2Vn8pwFBKRjw_1kGy1L6cvvX1KBijFjk/s1600/Ixora++flowers.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4qdCHYDccGxaCgj0JS_DrWM2dAZDVV_ZD0ha9KlVmzSMKbL8bqqdwcfYxFwoEe8KQqY61iLGuNoFGh6AAhyv2nzUYDCP67U647VbLkbDGm4y2Vn8pwFBKRjw_1kGy1L6cvvX1KBijFjk/s320/Ixora++flowers.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ixora coccinea మంకెన పూలు </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzTEHVFBQegr2AY1MQqXIPKr73OPt86pdYAeUV_RTUddLIIbl7Dlf5wyxs9atgVRTwBIFs_ZpFc9mpfgsuvxb8nayPPVEN0gHvUqr9fGByuqDqaMFwDP10D19GeC2I17zENleiDFTPDT8/s1600/Pentapetes+phoenicea+1+.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzTEHVFBQegr2AY1MQqXIPKr73OPt86pdYAeUV_RTUddLIIbl7Dlf5wyxs9atgVRTwBIFs_ZpFc9mpfgsuvxb8nayPPVEN0gHvUqr9fGByuqDqaMFwDP10D19GeC2I17zENleiDFTPDT8/s320/Pentapetes+phoenicea+1+.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">మంకెన/ బంధూక పువ్వు </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">7. <b>అతశీ </b>:</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> Botanical name: </span><span style="background-color: white;"><b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Linum usitatissimum</span></b></span></span><span style="background-color: white;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b style="color: #252525;">, </b>Family: Linaceae,<b style="color: #252525;"> </b><span style="color: #252525;">also known as Flax plant. Seed are rich in omega-3 fatty acids; fiber is used weave coarse cloth.</span></span><b style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"> </b></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">కృష్ణాష్టకం లో </span><b style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">అత</b><b style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; font-size: 16px;">శీ </b><b style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"> పుష్ప సంకాశం హార నూపుర శోభితం --- కృష్ణం వందే జగద్గురుం- </b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">వాసుదేవుడి అత</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16px;">శీ</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"> పుష్ప వర్ణం లో వున్నా డని వర్ణించారు. ఇవి ఆంధ్ర ప్రదేశ్ రాష్ట్రం లో సహజం గా కనిపించవు. చల్లని ప్రదేశాల్లో పెరుగు తాయి . </span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEile2i810B4L1cCB4xHvL3046Kz87IcgxuHHmROToziXM7sQhX2qhyphenhyphenMj1io13Hi7wlV9AgPIvyXK6R7YAbyok4hzeSasjSTSYbbQ8dW93x8S9Jf4_i29X9M_4OUJbM5rb1llxSxvVRVut0/s1600/linum+ustatum.jpeg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEile2i810B4L1cCB4xHvL3046Kz87IcgxuHHmROToziXM7sQhX2qhyphenhyphenMj1io13Hi7wlV9AgPIvyXK6R7YAbyok4hzeSasjSTSYbbQ8dW93x8S9Jf4_i29X9M_4OUJbM5rb1llxSxvVRVut0/s1600/linum+ustatum.jpeg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">అతశి పుష్పం </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
8.<b>వకుళ </b>లేదా<b> పొగడ: <span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name: <span style="font-size: 12pt;">Mimusops</span><span class="apple-converted-space" style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12pt;">elengi</span></span></b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span class="apple-converted-space" style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12pt;">L., Family: Sapotaceae</span></span><br />
<span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span>ఈ పుష్పాలు విష్ణువు కు ప్రీతి కరము. సుగంధ భరితము. కృష్ణుడు బృందావనం లో ఈ పూల సుగంధమును ఇష్ట పడే వాడని వర్ణించ బడినది. విష్ణు పూజకు వాడతారు.తిరుమల లో వెంకటేశ్వర స్వామికి కూడా ఈ పొగడ పూల మాలలు వేస్తారు .<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWYBqZ4lzXy7e6sibw-oY2be8RegFF18x_Wq5b5Xoa4b0xMv9nMxl7joyjBBkRvCx1GN7zhMdbUbPxKiubJZJa3SMLnQ0sneaXCxZQguI_-Ad8lSAp1NvE1vNmn9qQhoxwkTbSCSamdhw/s1600/vakula.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWYBqZ4lzXy7e6sibw-oY2be8RegFF18x_Wq5b5Xoa4b0xMv9nMxl7joyjBBkRvCx1GN7zhMdbUbPxKiubJZJa3SMLnQ0sneaXCxZQguI_-Ad8lSAp1NvE1vNmn9qQhoxwkTbSCSamdhw/s320/vakula.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">వకుళ /పొగడ </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div>
<div>
9. <b>మాలతీ:</b> <span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name: <b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Aganosma cymosa</span></b></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Family: Apocynaceae;</span>బృందావనం లో కృష్ణుని అలరించిన తీగ పుష్పాలు. సుగంధ భరితం. ఇవి మల్లెల్లాగే తెల్లగా సుగంధ భరితం గా ఉంటాయి. అడవుల్లో పెరుగుతాయి. </div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguQ6HNdjepglgiTI8HozC4J36Gj7Y54IxQq17447K0zqugRH4AxUq2RPsHXT9UrhmYhsIJiGZtfZ9-ikQrGucnNrVMZdybQf24H6R9BuCe57xPJhgOvQhg4h-KtGURuOdA36E8Umn99KQ/s1600/malathi.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguQ6HNdjepglgiTI8HozC4J36Gj7Y54IxQq17447K0zqugRH4AxUq2RPsHXT9UrhmYhsIJiGZtfZ9-ikQrGucnNrVMZdybQf24H6R9BuCe57xPJhgOvQhg4h-KtGURuOdA36E8Umn99KQ/s320/malathi.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">మాలతి </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div>
<b>10. మాధవి : <span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name: </span></b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Hiptage benghalensis</span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt;">(L.)
Kurz,</span></span><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"> వీటి కాయలకు 3 రెక్కలుంటాయి, అందువల్ల వీటిని పావురాయి కాయలని కూడా అంటారు . </span><b> </b>బృందావనం లో కృష్ణుని అలరించిన తీగ పుష్పాలు. అడవుల్లో సహజం గా ఉంటాయి .సుగంధ భరితం. </div>
<div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><b> </b></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghrGKCDw7ql1SIola7yXZFS9YmSXncUAxfFkSdWPA7prPXqTsxK8DetMlsl9P1ZG3jKRgR3SVs_0Qnd6PXiTgdlds1sHt1939qJyWSOOnAp6fBdZXQkl23-ngBx-U7-wqv-TKQ8f5C9-8/s1600/madhavi.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghrGKCDw7ql1SIola7yXZFS9YmSXncUAxfFkSdWPA7prPXqTsxK8DetMlsl9P1ZG3jKRgR3SVs_0Qnd6PXiTgdlds1sHt1939qJyWSOOnAp6fBdZXQkl23-ngBx-U7-wqv-TKQ8f5C9-8/s320/madhavi.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">మాధవీ లత </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<b></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
11. <b>చంపకము: <span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name: </span></b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Magnolia champaca</span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">(L.)
Baill. ex Pierre,</span></div>
<span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> ఈ పుష్పాలు విష్ణువుకు పార్వతి కి ప్రీతి పాత్రము. సుగంధ భరితము. వీటిని చాంపేయము, సంపంగి పూలని కూడా పిలుస్తారు. వీటిని పూజకు విరివిగా ఉపయోగిస్తారు. </span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSmmD7fUSf_S9uHJBa-jiGVq9uOP0Q2tHoXlG9q9leD5Jf38zZ1MkQ-1MDD_0jUqQ1fvUyOYI6kW7T10ahMAv42rX8scfhvkjWNIAdyHWA2eG1Vbh1j0zkNmEkErpFAzhmWCI_fUAHgr0/s1600/champaca+flower.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSmmD7fUSf_S9uHJBa-jiGVq9uOP0Q2tHoXlG9q9leD5Jf38zZ1MkQ-1MDD_0jUqQ1fvUyOYI6kW7T10ahMAv42rX8scfhvkjWNIAdyHWA2eG1Vbh1j0zkNmEkErpFAzhmWCI_fUAHgr0/s320/champaca+flower.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">చంపకం </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
12. <b>సేవంతిక: <span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Chrysanthemum indicum , </span></b><b>చేమంతి పూలు </b><br />
<b>13. పారిజాతము : </b><b style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif; font-size: 14.6667px;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Nyctanthes arbor-tristis</span></b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 14.6667px;"> L., </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 15.4px;"> </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 15.4px;">పొగడ, </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 15.4px; text-align: justify;">సేపాలిక, అని కూడా పిలుస్తారు. </span><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif; font-size: 15.4px; text-align: justify;"> </b><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6oxSwco99113NQiYR6W_RL25VPtMNkuqjPwwGsbCH_p9pX9nEwJok2mq7jyzgyCVnNizmi3yctxHucJGd-vo1BnokEhBNyp9AjKn3qshNtSyf-vxq0niHCJ-HuuxR7S0Gv99sYylKrVY/s1600/IMG_1783Nyctanthes+arbor-tristis.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6oxSwco99113NQiYR6W_RL25VPtMNkuqjPwwGsbCH_p9pX9nEwJok2mq7jyzgyCVnNizmi3yctxHucJGd-vo1BnokEhBNyp9AjKn3qshNtSyf-vxq0niHCJ-HuuxR7S0Gv99sYylKrVY/s320/IMG_1783Nyctanthes+arbor-tristis.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">పారిజాతం </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
13. <b>అర్క(జిల్లేడు) : <span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name: Calotropis gigantea</span> ; </b><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif">శివునికి అర్కముడు అనే పేరు కూడా వున్నది, సూర్యునికి కూడా అర్కుడు అని పేరు.</span><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif"> </span><b> </b>తెల్లని పూలు గలవి శ్రేష్టము<b> </b>ఈ పూలను గణపతి, శివ, సూర్య పూజకు మాత్రమే వాడతారు . రధ సప్తమి నాడు సూర్యారాధనకు వాడుతారు. విష్ణు ఆరాధనకు ఉపయోగించరు.దీని కర్రతో గణపతి విగ్రహాన్ని చేసి పూజ చేస్తారు<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTWE28qZMq7sgwpWQasNA6qI-He0JZbKRpgu28ZICoMDC-U7KQUw71Ck9ZbiyVwxIpXb3iE_0WecYq12n-Qqb2hbhXZFgK7MMbHbRBAzrchkpYOGntcQQXvEedx7O71qlD-VAxI6yI4qE/s1600/arka+.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="259" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTWE28qZMq7sgwpWQasNA6qI-He0JZbKRpgu28ZICoMDC-U7KQUw71Ck9ZbiyVwxIpXb3iE_0WecYq12n-Qqb2hbhXZFgK7MMbHbRBAzrchkpYOGntcQQXvEedx7O71qlD-VAxI6yI4qE/s320/arka+.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">ఆర్క/జిల్లేడు </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b> </b><b>15. పలాశ: కింశుక / మోదుగ: </b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name:<b> Butea monosperma</b></span><b> </b>దీని పుష్పాల తో హోళీ రంగులు చేసి ఆడుకుంటారు . దీని శాఖ తో చేసిన కర్రను ఉపనయనము సమయం లో వాడతారు .వీటిని మన్మధుని గోర్లు అని కూడా అంటారు.<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj89s_CJKF-NEipxKVwoR8FuVPWsnp3kSkRChVdFp960Ub-dIZykSYT5i0aZa3kIZ5kHXlnIm9rtnDR31OPtb0-hk0RYGoUcOaCH36Wlpc02-P5PkqwBr9rSYBz8tGEDe8T1mQabLztlGY/s1600/moduga.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="220" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj89s_CJKF-NEipxKVwoR8FuVPWsnp3kSkRChVdFp960Ub-dIZykSYT5i0aZa3kIZ5kHXlnIm9rtnDR31OPtb0-hk0RYGoUcOaCH36Wlpc02-P5PkqwBr9rSYBz8tGEDe8T1mQabLztlGY/s320/moduga.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">పలాశ </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b> 16. </b><b>ద్రోణ: తుమ్మిపూలు; <span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name: Leucas aspera </span>; </b>వీటి పూలను కార్తీక మాసం లో మాస శివ రాత్రి , సోమవారం, ఆర్ద్ర నక్షత్రం వున్న రోజుల్లోశివ పూజకు ఉపయోగిస్తారు. వీటి ఆకును ఆకు కూర గా వాడతారు. విష్ణు పూజకు ఉపయోగించరు.<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6MeMvLvLXW28XdtWzqOVNPbvqWp7W8EfpAEjgArto2Uhhu9GlaF3_PHmiXKYIir71Sj9U7AHvpGHdUWzK9K0SWbvOua_sht2Dae3UoSMlB_LZzgeDUdI-LQqulSxvteugvChCtzTWdqM/s1600/leucas+aspera+flowers.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6MeMvLvLXW28XdtWzqOVNPbvqWp7W8EfpAEjgArto2Uhhu9GlaF3_PHmiXKYIir71Sj9U7AHvpGHdUWzK9K0SWbvOua_sht2Dae3UoSMlB_LZzgeDUdI-LQqulSxvteugvChCtzTWdqM/s320/leucas+aspera+flowers.jpg" width="314" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">ద్రోణ / తుమ్మి </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b>17. అశోకము</b> : ఈ చెట్టు కింద నే సీతమ్మ వారు రావణుడి చెర లో వుండినదని రామాయణం లో వర్ణించ బడినది. దీనికి <span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 15.4px;"><b>వంజులము</b></span> అని మరియొక పేరు. ఇది శోక నాశకము గ భావిస్తారు. వీటి పూలను అమ్మ వారి పూజకు వాడతారు. లలితా దేవిని "చంపకాశోకపున్నాగ సౌగంధికా లసత్కచా "అని వర్ణించారు (she decorated her hair with Champak, Ashoka, Punnaga and Sougandhika flowers)<br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name:</span><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-weight: bold;"> Saraca indica,</span><b style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> </b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Family: Fabaceae</span></span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZXVCVcqy3nnCzLzxA8dBAglIDON8Gi3J8x0h1p53MfK6PGrc_amX5j_J7oIHoloFEEDz7Mx88bIFiuqxplmJq65RTRig3XlWi035KKT2cZRCXf-m3Ip2DOm2LbO8mehXkWDHE6pCgrvs/s1600/Ashoka+tree.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="243" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZXVCVcqy3nnCzLzxA8dBAglIDON8Gi3J8x0h1p53MfK6PGrc_amX5j_J7oIHoloFEEDz7Mx88bIFiuqxplmJq65RTRig3XlWi035KKT2cZRCXf-m3Ip2DOm2LbO8mehXkWDHE6pCgrvs/s320/Ashoka+tree.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">అశోక వృక్షం </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
18. <b>మామిడి/చూతము</b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Botanical name: Mangifera indica </b>Family: Anacardiaceae</span></div>
<div>
హిందువుల ఇళ్ళలో మామిడి ఆకులు లేకుండా ఏ పండుగను కానీ శుభ కార్యమును గానీ ఊహించలేము. ఇది అతి పవిత్రమైన వృక్షము. దీని ఆకులనే కాక పుష్పాలను కూడా సరస్వతీ దేవి, వినాయకునికి , లక్ష్మీ పూజకు వాడతారు.<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNyRBfsWLiMdxwJ0_UBuhDOIzIvFQjnMJMT-bq_8nlnQI4JJkf3YzAAeY3ZlGiJa-0AbwfVpgLZBWVElJlXWkNJlJI9pTDQ-uMDvuE4lOCKYaWXVAvAiOfiY_SQyszHe2gbd8rUgqc_Lc/s1600/4+mangifera+indica+.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="336" data-original-width="448" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNyRBfsWLiMdxwJ0_UBuhDOIzIvFQjnMJMT-bq_8nlnQI4JJkf3YzAAeY3ZlGiJa-0AbwfVpgLZBWVElJlXWkNJlJI9pTDQ-uMDvuE4lOCKYaWXVAvAiOfiY_SQyszHe2gbd8rUgqc_Lc/s320/4+mangifera+indica+.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Mangifera indica మామిడి </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div>
<b>18. వేప:<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name: Azadirachta indica</span> </b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Family: Meliaceae</span>దీనిని <b>నింబ</b> వృక్షము అని కూడా అంటారు. వేప పూలను తెలుగు వారు ఉగాది నాడు వాడతారు . వేప చెట్టు ను లక్ష్మీ స్వరూపం గా పూజిస్తారు. గ్రామ దేవతల పూజలకు ఉపయోగించడము అందరికి తెలిసినదే .<br />
<b>19. కేతకి :</b>దీన్నే మొగలి పూవు అని కూడా అంటారు.<br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name: <b>Pandanus odorifer </b>Family: Pandanaceae<b> </b></span><br />
<div>
దీన్ని శివ పూజకు తప్ప మిగిలిన దేవతారాధనకు వాడతారు. శివ లింగము ఆది అంతము చూచానని అబధ్దము చెప్పడం వలన పూజకు పనికి రాకుండా పోయింది.<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0TGeQcDhJipPmmn3TtYQk-I7ZOcWCcoW7_LxJI5JTkqK0P13tjhL-mhmmMznAarW0WADJtSv7BcrKcUtMkKh2-LYWhk0jvuJN8Y6DEUYTue-j3T1D7KZtwAS5r0CiXbExeftpbI1a-94/s1600/pandanus+fl+bl.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0TGeQcDhJipPmmn3TtYQk-I7ZOcWCcoW7_LxJI5JTkqK0P13tjhL-mhmmMznAarW0WADJtSv7BcrKcUtMkKh2-LYWhk0jvuJN8Y6DEUYTue-j3T1D7KZtwAS5r0CiXbExeftpbI1a-94/s320/pandanus+fl+bl.jpg" width="273" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">కేతకి , మొగలి పువ్వు </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b>20. పున్నాగ</b> : దీన్ని <b>పొన్న</b> అనికూడా అంటారు<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">.</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name: </span><b style="background-color: white; font-family: "courier new", courier, freemono, monospace; font-size: 15.4px;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Calophyllum inophyllum</span></b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 15.4px;"> L., </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 15.4px;">Family:Calophyllaceae</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">తెల్లని సుగంధ భరితపుష్పాలు ఉంటాయి. వీటిని </span><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif">శివ పార్వతుల</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> పూజకు, విష్ణు పూజకు</span><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif">వాడతారు.</span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgajWejKFWwAo-4JXHvzXaMiWk7K02PF89wwR9Kq8j6Q1iWQEIWqcVijO4meDVR5COb_8b6nUbChSfXL2sqQWg2Ti7ektfSIWs0OGksb0hys41YCKSl69vJFm0gM_19Jnt1bbG8s3mFZHU/s320/IMG_0677+Calophyllum+inophyllum.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">పున్నాగ/పొన్న </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
21. <b>పాటల/</b> <b style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">పాటలీ/</b><b style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">కలిగొట్టు పుష్పము:</b><b style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name:</span></b><b style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif; font-size: 15.4px;">Stereospermum tetragonum</b><i style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif; font-size: 15.4px;"> </i><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 15.4px;">DC.,Family: Bignoniaceae</span><b style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> </span></b></div>
<div>
<b style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" style="font-weight: normal;">శివ పార్వతుల సమాగమము ఈ చెట్టు కింద జరిగినదని</span></b><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif">పురాణములలో వర్ణించ బడినది.అందువలన పసుపు రంగు కల ఈ పుష్పము లు</span><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif">శివ</span><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif">పార్వతుల కు ప్రీతి పాత్రము.</span><br />
<span face=""verdana" , sans-serif">లలితా పరమేశ్వరి "దురా రాధ్యా , దురా ధర్షా పాటలీ కుసుమ ప్రియా "అని కీర్తించ బడింది </span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3YX1-dxEReJvQhVaABsAx2u8F_bm1gcO0paUEDpAMHhxj5mHUznqn5Is7RcFRdCy20ldHxwJ_HefTMuZpi9n6ScovjGVyesjzL080ui2TBglsf2VyDi-WN57BvwkLuMykQEeU08CKdQI/s320/IMG_0639Stereospermum+tetragonum.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="320" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">పాటల /కలిగొట్టు </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div>
<span face=""verdana" , sans-serif">22. <b>కరవీరము/</b></span><b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 15.4px;">ఎర్ర</span><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif">గన్నేరు/</span></b><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif"><b>కస్తూరిపూలు:</b></span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name: </span><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;">Neerium indicum</b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> L.,</span></div>
<div>
<span face=""verdana" , sans-serif">వీటిని<b> </b></span><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif">శివ, పార్వతి, వినాయక పూజకు వాడతారు.</span><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif"><b> </b></span><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif"> </span></div>
<div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" style="text-align: left;"> </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="text-align: left;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div>
<span face=""verdana" , sans-serif"> 23. </span><b style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">దేవకాంచనము/అ</b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>డవి గన్నేరు/</b> <b>దేవ గన్నేరు</b> అనికూడా అంటారు.</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name: <b>Plumeria alba (</b>తెల్ల పూలవి<b>)</b>, <b>Plumeria rubra(</b>ఎర్ర పూలవి<b>). </b></span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaQLK1NxAIlTC-rVF9H_QHjF54EJo3A_34aSBljtFOxoBynkxaz2dLHYehbllvo9Hw2holXpLelXuiVCPORUSJjexO1g8xFFytFzMKsNxKLqNIWJjw2Hz4MPGJ4ouT3VgSO0JgVibU3Jo/s320/plumeria+rubra+.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">దేవ కాంచనం </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 15.4px;"><b style="font-size: 15.4px;">24. మధూకము: </b><span style="font-size: 15.4px;">దీనినే </span></span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 15.4px; text-align: justify;"><b>ఇప్ప/ వి</b></span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 15.4px; text-align: justify;"><b>ప్ప</b> అంటారు. వీటిని పూజకు వాడక పోయినా, ఎండిన పూలను తేనెతో కలిపి భద్రాచలం వంటి కొన్ని దేవాలయాల్లో ప్రసాదం గా వాడతారు.ఇవి తియ్యగా ఉంటాయి. </span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 15.4px; text-align: justify;"> </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 15.4px; text-align: justify;"> </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name: </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 15.4px;"><b style="font-size: 15.4px;"> </b></span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , "freemono" , monospace; font-size: 15.4px;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Madhuca</b> </span></span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 15.4px;"><b>longifolia</b>(J.Koenig ex L.)J.F.Macbr,</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 15.4px;"> </span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWEFw8a4Hfx2RQN6poVsKZJnZgIWzW7D_EYc83Ktv3pYXHuWsw7HUaLIStxdlYMko-JZNu-n7PrlPu2eu8-_VP_EJIPiaGsVp2aPAiiZd40nlf-7lJweChyphenhyphenLM_ofyFD5PtGrLjgzLI7MQ/s1600/madhuka+flowers.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="336" data-original-width="448" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWEFw8a4Hfx2RQN6poVsKZJnZgIWzW7D_EYc83Ktv3pYXHuWsw7HUaLIStxdlYMko-JZNu-n7PrlPu2eu8-_VP_EJIPiaGsVp2aPAiiZd40nlf-7lJweChyphenhyphenLM_ofyFD5PtGrLjgzLI7MQ/s320/madhuka+flowers.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Madhuca flowersఇప్పపూలు </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span face=""verdana" , sans-serif"><b>కనకాంబరం, జాజి, గులాబీ , నందివర్ధనం, గన్నేరు,</b></span><br />
<span face=""verdana" , sans-serif"><b>లింగాక్షతలు/ చిలకముక్కుపూలు,</b></span><br />
<b style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">గిరికర్ణికా-అంటే శంకు పుష్పాలు: </b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Botanical name: </b><b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Clitoria ternatea<i> </i></span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">L.,</span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6q48Crq-h59W-LdtJ7Rl9Ze2_JqHkqXOWNyRJssucSd8NDDhR16fCjC5XBBn_-hmDq7m1dTxaXJSe4xUpmYQTMx5tVDc2djlG7riD1mj_JB6qdT_gaIon4hyRqRpx_raeABBDMtlckxc/s1600/Clitoria+ternatea.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="235" data-original-width="314" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6q48Crq-h59W-LdtJ7Rl9Ze2_JqHkqXOWNyRJssucSd8NDDhR16fCjC5XBBn_-hmDq7m1dTxaXJSe4xUpmYQTMx5tVDc2djlG7riD1mj_JB6qdT_gaIon4hyRqRpx_raeABBDMtlckxc/s1600/Clitoria+ternatea.JPG" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">శంకు పుష్పము </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> దేవకాంచనము, వంటి సుగంధ భరిత పుష్పాలను వాడతారు.</b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<span face=""verdana" , sans-serif"><b> </b></span><b style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> నాగ కేసరము: </b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Mesua
ferrea</b> L.,<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgF6vHn8YjfDG8Z2UOBtDqCTWUKgS_Z8qi6vCkcsfTbKjQxm4QrTyHSvWzGKQQg9c8H8qMVg6VNkyk3LBzzCdzwtbuNpMm0Dtbaln6A2yQAydawRHSlwPGolCWPGo6_Ex_mqrHDJ9RY0IY/s1600/mesua+ferrea+flowers+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="281" data-original-width="406" height="221" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgF6vHn8YjfDG8Z2UOBtDqCTWUKgS_Z8qi6vCkcsfTbKjQxm4QrTyHSvWzGKQQg9c8H8qMVg6VNkyk3LBzzCdzwtbuNpMm0Dtbaln6A2yQAydawRHSlwPGolCWPGo6_Ex_mqrHDJ9RY0IY/s320/mesua+ferrea+flowers+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">నాగ కేసరము Mesua ferrea</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span face=""verdana" , sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<b style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> శివలింగం పూలు: </b><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgP4kEfM9oExFKFQoub3Q03UtQw5JdfSvvwCUhYYSxpfUBoNXXtvKuYdXePn121lriT1d5SUc4nreFIlBJ70ZqhE7SlM5PAMIHV9MYpTmDjr8XW5iRzOtDAui8GEZGhDWmLJA33EOqNyBA/s1600/Couroupita+guianensis+flowers.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgP4kEfM9oExFKFQoub3Q03UtQw5JdfSvvwCUhYYSxpfUBoNXXtvKuYdXePn121lriT1d5SUc4nreFIlBJ70ZqhE7SlM5PAMIHV9MYpTmDjr8XW5iRzOtDAui8GEZGhDWmLJA33EOqNyBA/s320/Couroupita+guianensis+flowers.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Couropitta guinensis శివ లింగం పూలు </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span face=""verdana" , sans-serif"><br /></span>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<span face=""verdana" , sans-serif">
</span></div>
<b>బంతి </b>: <span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> Mari gold, </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name: <b>Tagetus patula</b> </span></span><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif">దీన్ని గొబ్బెమ్మలు , బతుకమ్మల ను అలంకరించడానికి వాడతారు ; పురాతన గ్రంధాలలో దీని ప్రస్తావన లేదు. </span><br />
<span face=""verdana" , sans-serif"><b>తంగేడు, గురుగు, గుమ్మడి , బీర , </b>పూలను ప్రధానం గా బతుకమ్మ(తెలంగాణాలో ) పూజించడానికి , గొబ్బెమ్మలను(ఆంధ్ర లో ) పూజించడానికి వాడతారు.</span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhxqheYave5Rj7s1ZUJ3dxxBpYsOybRa4qSXSQ5kcdPNK4PdbyzpBLSa_7B2HpHbZQbl2hyaI0mVZLVMjgVODXLpj4AwoEw35_QrUA3ToiiTMWiUnWU4vXZV9k_NW-40QoS-wQviXJYps/s1600/cassia+.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="444" data-original-width="635" height="223" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhxqheYave5Rj7s1ZUJ3dxxBpYsOybRa4qSXSQ5kcdPNK4PdbyzpBLSa_7B2HpHbZQbl2hyaI0mVZLVMjgVODXLpj4AwoEw35_QrUA3ToiiTMWiUnWU4vXZV9k_NW-40QoS-wQviXJYps/s320/cassia+.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">తంగేడు /బతుకమ్మ పూలు </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3HL59AacHY1G9Qe_X2yd6w59yuWrPRq_3bcvE23O8nAsNW_dvhGtQeip1JgV9Gb1al0-xwuaEalhmSMCtQ6_4L-GzsOA1qhakmfDAZF4zatAALn_pQOeBMaUovwmWgvhlEmkNYXb_KKQ/s1600/celosia+2.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="329" data-original-width="448" height="235" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3HL59AacHY1G9Qe_X2yd6w59yuWrPRq_3bcvE23O8nAsNW_dvhGtQeip1JgV9Gb1al0-xwuaEalhmSMCtQ6_4L-GzsOA1qhakmfDAZF4zatAALn_pQOeBMaUovwmWgvhlEmkNYXb_KKQ/s320/celosia+2.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">సీతమ్మ జడలు </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6F1dJWvd0D-C-55YXzdN9mJeD8dsBzQ8OjNaNyLRCqRdnkP5Q3xD5UopeBDAa_n338jVFvskPaFFVwbemCqJeVexFmloh-dvRLqNvrgsrO74wAaAGyP6VTYZtZkYMIBaS3RIEPZ88qGI/s1600/Celosia+1.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="336" data-original-width="448" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6F1dJWvd0D-C-55YXzdN9mJeD8dsBzQ8OjNaNyLRCqRdnkP5Q3xD5UopeBDAa_n338jVFvskPaFFVwbemCqJeVexFmloh-dvRLqNvrgsrO74wAaAGyP6VTYZtZkYMIBaS3RIEPZ88qGI/s320/Celosia+1.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">గురుగు పూలు </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2J7Sm8iv4kHP8N-njbBPs_ICXVQgO65v43k9ZR8Dl2jXpLYJs4nQF47peKrDcnhKXz7We4llcc5gXuAa_T-mM5fXgADXc-DH4HTHoB42Jer46CdKo4yLejg1CyvjG4PQXLToWnT0nZ1Q/s1600/gummadi+1.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1079" data-original-width="1600" height="215" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2J7Sm8iv4kHP8N-njbBPs_ICXVQgO65v43k9ZR8Dl2jXpLYJs4nQF47peKrDcnhKXz7We4llcc5gXuAa_T-mM5fXgADXc-DH4HTHoB42Jer46CdKo4yLejg1CyvjG4PQXLToWnT0nZ1Q/s320/gummadi+1.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">గుమ్మడి పూవు </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGuLf1D4P1sesUQUhcGHzE4SEl8pmGGJIvTB7iHm8Gox__ulciP7G7lc4MdRmUt3z7CE1Ja8YprjBVfbxNTA4MWGgpgVB-BICP_QfBiB_MonHKTmn63QLyWpIkTyBvhfL2NVYsVGtQk5Q/s1600/Gmelina+asiatica.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="910" data-original-width="1176" height="247" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGuLf1D4P1sesUQUhcGHzE4SEl8pmGGJIvTB7iHm8Gox__ulciP7G7lc4MdRmUt3z7CE1Ja8YprjBVfbxNTA4MWGgpgVB-BICP_QfBiB_MonHKTmn63QLyWpIkTyBvhfL2NVYsVGtQk5Q/s320/Gmelina+asiatica.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">వీటిని కూడా గుమ్మడి పూవు అంటారు. ఇది పొద </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhj5qPm-A22OInXPABQIUiHifojwNN4Cxty6BjpO4rF7s-8C66t4T5Z8_JqLd-oSLa5BRXO3qMi7U3oMdq-cW1pfTGLE3EcJX2gW_fNMyePqCUkJrC8v4xZLe-8iEK90hhlEVdasBgQS74/s1600/beera.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="299" data-original-width="448" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhj5qPm-A22OInXPABQIUiHifojwNN4Cxty6BjpO4rF7s-8C66t4T5Z8_JqLd-oSLa5BRXO3qMi7U3oMdq-cW1pfTGLE3EcJX2gW_fNMyePqCUkJrC8v4xZLe-8iEK90hhlEVdasBgQS74/s320/beera.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">బీర పూలు </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b style="font-family: "times new roman";">పూలనే కాకుండా పత్రాలను, మొక్కల నుండి లభించే జిగురు మొదలయినవి కూడా పూజకు ఉపయోగిస్తారు.</b><br />
<b style="font-family: "times new roman";">మామిడి ఆకు లేనిదే శుభ కార్యము జరుగదు . కలశ నిర్మాణము లో వాడతారు. </b><br />
<span face=""verdana" , sans-serif"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">1.</span></span><b>బిల్వ (మారేడు )</b>: <span face=""verdana" , sans-serif">వాటిలో శివునికి బిల్వ (మారేడు ) దళాలను వాడతారు.</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white;">శైలూషము,</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white;">శాండిల్యము, </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white;">శ్రీఫలము అనికూడా పేర్లు.</span><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif"> దీని <span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Botanical name:</span> </span><b style="background-color: white;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Aegle</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space" style="background-color: white;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"> </span></span><b style="background-color: white;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">marmelos</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space" style="background-color: white;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"> (L.)</span></span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white;">Corrêa.</span><b><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif">కొన్ని ప్రదేశములలో మూడు దళములు గల వరుణ వృక్షాన్ని మారేడు కు మారుగా శివారాధనకు వాడతారు. దీని శాస్త్రియ నామము </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Crateva religiosa</span><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif"> ,దీన్ని వుసిక మాను, ఉలిమిరి అని కూడా అంటారు </span></b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white;"> </span><br />
<b> 2. తులసి: </b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Botanical name: Ocimum tenuiflorum Syn. Ocimum sanctum.</b> భారత దేశములో తులసి మొక్క గురించి తెలియని వారుండరు.</span><b style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif; font-size: 15.4px; text-align: justify;">బృంద,</b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 15.4px;"><span style="text-align: justify;"><b>కృష్ణ</b></span></span><b style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif; font-size: 15.4px; text-align: justify;">తులసి/</b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 15.4px; text-align: justify;">నల్లతులసి</span><b style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif; font-size: 15.4px; text-align: justify;">,</b><b style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif; font-size: 15.4px; text-align: justify;">లక్ష్మి తులసి/</b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 15.4px; text-align: justify;">తెల్లతులసి</span><b style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif; font-size: 15.4px; text-align: justify;">,</b><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif">అని కూడా అంటారు. </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">కుక్క తులసి తప్ప మిగిలినవి పూజకు వాడ వచ్చు. ఇవి విష్ణు పూజకు , ప్రశస్తము. తులసి దళాలు వేసిన నీరు కఫ హరము. </span><br />
<b>3.</b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> </span><b> మరువకము,</b><b style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif; font-size: 14.6667px;">Origanum majorana</b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 14.6667px;"> L.,</span><b> దవనమును</b><b style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </b><b style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif; font-size: 14.6667px;">Artemisia pallens </b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 14.6667px;">Wall. ex. DC., </span><b> కూడా పూజ కు వాడుతారు. ఇవి సుగంధ భరితము. </b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> </span><br />
<b>4.</b><b>నాగవల్లి/ తమల పాకు:</b><b> </b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Botanical name: Piper betel </b></span>పార్వతి, కాళిక లను "నాగవల్లీరసవాసినీ" అని వర్ణించారు. తమలపాకులను హనుమంతుని పూజకు వాడడం అందరికీ తెలిసినదే.<br />
5. <b>గరిక : </b><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;">Botanical name: </b><b style="font-family: sans-serif;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Cynodon dactylon</span></b><b style="font-family: sans-serif;">; </b><span face="sans-serif">దీన్ని విఘ్నేశ్వరునిపూజకు వాడతారు. </span><br />
<span face="sans-serif">6. <b>దర్భ గడ్డి : </b></span><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;">Botanical name: </b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span style="background-color: white;"><b>Desmostachya bipinnata</b></span><span style="background-color: white;">,</span></span><span face="sans-serif"> దీన్ని <b>కుశ</b> అని కూడా అంటారు జపము , యజ్ఞము మొదలైన క్రతువులలో దీన్ని వాడతారు. </span><span face="sans-serif"> </span><span face="sans-serif"> </span><span face="sans-serif"> </span><br />
<b>7. చందనము /శ్రీగంధము: </b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b>Botanical name: Santalum album, </b>కలపను అరగదీసి చేసే ముద్దను గంధము అంటారు. ఇది భగవంతుని కి లేపనం గా వాడతారు.</span> <b> </b><b></b><br />
<b>8. ధూపము: </b><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;">Botanical name: </b><b> </b><b style="background-color: white;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" lang="PT-BR" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Boswellia</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space" style="background-color: white;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" lang="PT-BR" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"> </span></span><b style="background-color: white;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" lang="PT-BR" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">serrata</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space" style="background-color: white;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" lang="PT-BR" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"> </span></span><span class="authorship" style="background-color: white;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" lang="PT-BR" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Roxb. ex Colebr., </span></span><b style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;">గుగ్గిలం, </b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white;">పరంగి సాంబ్రాణి, అందుగ: ఈ చెట్టు నుండి వచ్చే జిగురు పదార్ధము ను</span><b style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;">గుగ్గిలం </b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white;">అంటారు</span><b style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;">. </b><br />
<b style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;">Agaru :అగరు Aquillaria agallocha </b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white;">ఈ చెట్టు నుండి లభించే జిగురు ను అగరు అంటారు.</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white;"><b>సాంబ్రాణి</b> <b>Styrax benzoin అనే </b>చెట్టు నుండి లభించే జిగురు. ఈ రెండు చెట్లు మన దేశంలో సాధారణంగా వుండవు. వీటితో శివారాధన సమయం లో ధూపం వేస్తారు. </span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white;">9.<b> కర్పూరము</b> : </span><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;">Botanical name: </b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white;"> </span><span style="background-color: white;"><span face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold;">Cinnamomum camphora </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">ఈ చెట్టుఆకులు, కలప నుండి కర్పూరము ను సంగ్రహిస్తారు. దీన్ని అభిషేకజలములో, తాంబూలము లో నివేదనకు ఉపయోగిస్తారు. </span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">11. <b>రుద్రాక్ష : </b></span></span><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;">Botanical name:</b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span style="background-color: white; font-weight: bold;">Elaeocarpus ganitrus</span><span style="background-color: white; font-weight: bold;">,</span><span style="background-color: white;"><b> </b>ఈ చెట్టు విత్తనాలను</span></span><b style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;">రుద్రాక్షలు </b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white;">అంటారు. రుద్రుని(శివుని )కన్నీటి చుక్క నుండి మొలిచిన చెట్టు గా ప్రసిద్ధి . వీటిని మాలలు గా చేసి జపానికి , శివుని పూజకు ఉపయోగిస్తారు. </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white;"> </span><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;"> </b><br />
<span style="background-color: white;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">10. <b>చెఱుకు</b> : దీనిని <b>రసాలము</b> అని కూడా అంటారు.</span></span><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;">Botanical name:</b><span style="background-color: white;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> </span></span><span style="background-color: white;"><b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Saccharum officinarum</span></b></span><span face="sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 14px;">,</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white;">.మన్మధుని విల్లు చెరకుగడ , పార్వతి చేతిలోనూ చెరకుగడ ఉంటుంది.</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white;"><b>అరటి పిలకలు, మామిడాకుల తోరణాలు, అరటి ఆకులు </b> శుభ కార్యాల్లో తప్పని సరిగా ఉండాల్సిందే. </span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white;"><b>Sacred trees:</b> పవిత్రమైన వృక్షాలు </span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white;">1. <b>మర్రి /వట వృక్షము </b>: <i><b>Ficus benghalensis</b></i>; It is considered as sacred. Lord Shiva in the form of Dakshina murthy said to be seated under the tree for meditation. Vaishnavites believe that lord Krishna lies on the leaf. </span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white;">2. <b>రావి /అశ్వథ వృక్షము</b> : <b style="font-style: italic;">Ficus religiosa </b>: Hindus consider this tree as incarnation of Lord Vishnu (As per Bhagavdgita); It is worshiped as God. A peepal tree and a neem tree are planted together and consider them as lord Vishnu and goddess Laksmi. Some consider this tree as manifestation of Brahma (base), lord Vishnu (middle part, top as lord Shiva. <b style="font-style: italic;"> </b></span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white;"> </span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" lang="PT-BR" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<b> చివరగా ఒక మాట: శంకర భగవత్పాదుల శివానంద లహరి లో ని ఈ శ్లోకం చదవండి </b><br />
<b>గభీరే కాసారే విశతి విజనే ఘోర విపినే </b><br />
<b>విశాలే శైలే చ భ్రమతి కుసుమార్ధం జడ మతి </b><br />
<b>సమార్పైకం చేతస్సరసిజం ఉమానాథ భవేత్ </b><br />
<b>సుఖేనా వ స్థాతుం జన ఇహ న జానాతి కి మ హో </b><br />
అర్ధము: ఓ ఉమా నాథుడా (శివుడా ) మంద బుద్ధి గల వారే నీ పూజా పుష్పాల కొరకు లోతైన చెరువుల్లో, జన సంచారం లేని ప్రమాద కరమైన అడవుల్లో, విశాల మైన కొండల్లో తిరుగుతాడు. కానీ హృదయ సరోవరం లో పూచిన ఒక పద్మాన్ని నీకు సమర్పిస్తే వున్న చోటే సుఖం గా ఉండ వచ్చ్చని ఈ ప్రజలకు తెలియ దంటే విచిత్రం గా వుంది . ఈ పూల న్నిటి కన్నా హృదయ పద్మమే భగవంతునికి ప్రీతి కరము అని భావము .<br />
పద్మశ్రీ పొందిన ధర్పల్లి (చెట్ల)రామయ్య కు కోటి నమస్కారములు; <b>ఎవరో పెంచిన చెట్ల నుండి కోటి పూలు తెఛ్చి దేవుడిని పూజించుట కన్నా మనం కనీసం ఒక చెట్టయినా నాటి తే కోటి పూల తో పూజ చేసిన ఫలం వస్తుంది. ఇది సత్యము.</b><br /><div style="background-color: whitesmoke; font-family: "trebuchet ms", trebuchet, sans-serif; font-size: 15.4px; text-align: center;"><br /></div></div><div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Lalithambahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05559688683225962305noreply@blogger.com11tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2432559328926822157.post-76367238285034676792010-04-05T07:37:00.000-07:002020-03-31T03:51:08.772-07:00Common Poisonous plants around us ( in India)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b>Updated on 25-04-2018 Popular garden plants added</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Plants look innocent and beautiful; useful in many ways; but all plants are not safe to consume or to enjoy their contact; because they produce </span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">irritating chemicals which are harmful to humans or livestock, or may cause physical injury due to spines, prickles and hairs.These substances produced are secondary metabolites, either stored as excretory products or essential to survive under natural conditions; if consumed they may cause illness or death to human beings and animals. Poisonous substances are found in higher plants and in lower groups also. Only angiosperms are mentioned here. Most of the poisonous plants are wild and few trees are cultivated as ornamental for the beautiful appearance. </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Nature’s poisons are available to
us next door, they are certainly accessible world wide.</span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><b>These plants are never eaten by animals. Some of the plant products are being utilized as medicines in very small quantities with proper care.</b></span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></strong>
<strong><span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Objective:</span></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">The main objective of this presentation is to provide information on the harmful
plants with the images for easy identification. This will help us to be cautious with the plants. These plants are
available throughout Andhra Pradesh and in Southern India. Plants available out side A.P but in India are also included.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">When swallowed, toxic substances of plants interfere with normal
body functions. Each group of poison acts differently. The severity of poisoning
in man depends on quantity of poison ingested, health and nutritional status
and age of the victim. Toxic substances in plants exist in a variety of forms.
Chemically most of them are alkaloids, polypeptides, amines, glycosides,
oxalates, resins and other phyto-toxins.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>Toxic plants are useful in forensic investigations also</b>. Because the phyto-chemicals ingested remain in the body of the deceased. </span><br />
<b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">చిన్న పిల్లలు తెలిసో, తెలియకో, కుతూహలం తోనో మొక్కల తో ఆడుకుంటున్నపుడు, తోట పని చేస్తూ విత్తనాలు, దంపలు , ఆకులు నోట్లో పెట్టుకోవడం తినడం చేస్తుంటారు . కంగారు పడకుండా ఏమి తిన్నారో చూపమని అడగండి, లేదా చేతిలో మిగిలిన మొక్క భాగాన్ని చూడండి. విషపు</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">మొక్క</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">తిన్నట్టు</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">తెలిస్తే</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">వెంటనే</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">ఆస్పత్రి</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">కి</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">తీసుకెళ్ళి</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">వైద్యుని</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">సంప్రదించ</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">వలెను</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif";">. తిన్న మొక్క భాగము వైద్యునికి చూపితే త్వరగా కచ్చితమైన చికిత్సకు వీలు కలుగుతుంది. </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">స్వంత</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">వైద్యము</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif";"> , </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">చిట్కాలు</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">సురక్షితము</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">కావు</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif";">. </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">ఇది</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">ప్రాణాలు</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">కాపాడుకోడానికి</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">వ్రాసిన</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">వ్యాసమే</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif";">. </span></b><br />
<b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif";">విషపు మొక్కలకు చిన్నపిల్లలను దూరంగా ఉంచండి. </span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 16.8667px;"><span style="color: #cc0000;"><span style="color: #cc0000; font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif; text-indent: -18pt;"> </span><span style="color: #660000;"><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif";">If anyone consume the toxic plant or part they should be contacted a hospital emergency ward immediately. </span></b><b>Educate your children and neighbors on the toxic effects of plants. Save your children from this toxic plants.</b></span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Depending upon the toxic effect they are grouped into
following categories: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="color: #cc0000; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: #cc0000; font-size: large;">Highly
toxic or lethal plants:</span><b><span style="color: #660000;">(Category 1)</span></b></span><span style="color: #cc0000; font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 115%;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">These plants may cause
serious illness or death. If ingested please immediately rush to the hospital
with the plant sample or information.</span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">1.Name of the plant</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">: <em><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Abrus
precatorious</span></b></em><i> </i>L.,</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Family:</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> Fabaceae</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Common Name</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">:
crab’s eye, Indian liquorice, Ratti seesds, </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">గురు</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">గింజలు</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">, </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">గురువింద</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Toxic part</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">:
Seed</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Toxic substance</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">: <b><span style="background: white;">Abrin</span></b><span style="background: white; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">. It</span><span style="background: white;"> is a
ribosome - inactivating protein, thus blocks protein synthesis and it is one of
the most deadly plant toxins known. A dose of 0.1-1 mug/kg of body weight
is fatal to humans. It is as poisonous as Cobra bight.</span></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Symptoms</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">:Symptoms may be rapid or delayed to 1-2 days. 1 seed is sufficient to kill an adult human. <span style="background: white;">The toxin is released only after breaking of
seeds. Infusion of seed extracts can cause eye damage, conjunctivitis and
even blindness after contact. The major symptoms of poisoning are acute
gastroenteritis with nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea leading to dehydration,
convulsions, and shock. Dehydration, as well as direct toxicity on the kidneys,
could result in oliguria that might progress to death in uraemia (William
Boericke, 1999; Inchem, 2004).If the dehulled seed is contacted with blood or
nerves it causes immediate death; thanks for the hard seed coat.</span></span><br />
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Occurence:</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> The
seeds are attractive, red with a black spot; they are used to weigh gold in
olden days. The plant is a creeper with purple flowers and found in waste
places and in forests throughout India.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiHFACCdr2zoUBxg9OyjFtsALC7gQkeqZVkDFiEOAcLXhpvzfrA71uNEiDvqM8IKMhC8QGZI8yOhDZ4yVv_gn5vx4TozmZQO6a4po9n352xHwjSl7Dwq6RqaX_OenM0FqQ7I9Y2o8Em3ZY/s1600/ABRUS+seed.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="202" data-original-width="292" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiHFACCdr2zoUBxg9OyjFtsALC7gQkeqZVkDFiEOAcLXhpvzfrA71uNEiDvqM8IKMhC8QGZI8yOhDZ4yVv_gn5vx4TozmZQO6a4po9n352xHwjSl7Dwq6RqaX_OenM0FqQ7I9Y2o8Em3ZY/s1600/ABRUS+seed.JPG" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Abrus precatorius opened fruit</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">2. Name of the plant</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">: <span style="color: #660000;"><b><i>Cascabela thevetia</i></b> </span>(L.)
Lippold </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Common name</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">:Yellow oleander; </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">పచ్చ</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">గన్నేరు</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Family</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">: Apocyanaceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Toxic part:</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> Seed(</span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">పప్పు</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">) <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Toxic substance</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">:<span style="background: white;"> The main toxins are
the cardenolides called thevetin A and thevetin B;
others include peruvoside, neriifolin, thevitoxin and ruvoside glycosides.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Symptoms:</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> The seed is broken and the cotyledons are
consumed for suicide. Consumption of seed causes<span style="background: white;">
gastric and cardiotoxic symptoms. They include</span> nausea,
vomiting, heart stimulation, convulsion and finally death.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">One seed can cause death of
an adult. </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">In villages many people eat it to commit suicide; they
suffer from ailments even after survival.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Occurrence</span></b><strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">:</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> The plant produces
yellow, orange, white flowers. It is cultivated in gardens, Lord Shiva temples,
and also found in open forests.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj75ZFIDlVTtzMixzoj0gkya6qCSKvHphAHZBlCx6pXV0TYH5x5yLR6Yv2nkNCG0Lph2BGDvBlL2kOGf8Hnn2IwHZFe8eDdNOSjwDlfjaRxBtJqnaUJahM-KALNH06NZ98nWSQh2X9xdv8/s1600/PCascabela+thevetia.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="235" data-original-width="314" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj75ZFIDlVTtzMixzoj0gkya6qCSKvHphAHZBlCx6pXV0TYH5x5yLR6Yv2nkNCG0Lph2BGDvBlL2kOGf8Hnn2IwHZFe8eDdNOSjwDlfjaRxBtJqnaUJahM-KALNH06NZ98nWSQh2X9xdv8/s1600/PCascabela+thevetia.JPG" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidlWKOM4kGytF_LtskAOoLLsaY5gBTi49cuuyzshf5HKFaE2WS2dkza3Xyx6gBmqAZ2BvTPrWYwduIJVSEga0s_lKHjfjcviDacNd9pns1RrOV7CRQH_UAwGuAwF5eyWfrhN-lEmqyc8Q/s1600/IMG_1173Cascabela+thevetia.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="250" data-original-width="321" height="249" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidlWKOM4kGytF_LtskAOoLLsaY5gBTi49cuuyzshf5HKFaE2WS2dkza3Xyx6gBmqAZ2BvTPrWYwduIJVSEga0s_lKHjfjcviDacNd9pns1RrOV7CRQH_UAwGuAwF5eyWfrhN-lEmqyc8Q/s320/IMG_1173Cascabela+thevetia.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Cascabela seed</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">3.<b> Name of the plant</b>:<i> <b><span style="color: #660000;">Nerium oleander</span></b></i> L.,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Family</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">: Apocyanaceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Common name</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">: Pink oleander; </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">ఎర్ర</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">గన్నేరు</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">, </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">కస్తూరి</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Toxic part</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">: Entire plant, especially leaves.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Toxic substance</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">: Nerin, oleandrin, folinerio.
Oleandrin and oleandrigenin, the cardiac glycosides are the
toxic principle. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Symptoms</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">: A single leaf is sufficient to kill an adult. It affects
gastrointestinal system, the heart, and the central nervous system. Symptoms
include nausea, vomiting, dizziness, slowed pulse, irregular heartbeat,
dialation of pupils, drowsiness, unconsciousness, paralysis of legs and finally
death. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">The milky latex if in contact with the skin can cause blistering,
irritation and soreness. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Occurrence: </span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> This
plant is widely cultivated in gardens. The flowers are used for worship.</span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkcg1qSE-nGfl00xXP8v6rXiE2PBMOtcIBeqU76UrYtJaLzp6Sl3y03O3thGxUOs4xs9SdkP6jYvh6tNaz3K94pv9PYdpYfTOPdft_qi_CQxcIFqeQqx9Tylb45UzkkXqL7Z0PbkjRwo4/s1600/IMG_7008+neerium+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="235" data-original-width="282" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkcg1qSE-nGfl00xXP8v6rXiE2PBMOtcIBeqU76UrYtJaLzp6Sl3y03O3thGxUOs4xs9SdkP6jYvh6tNaz3K94pv9PYdpYfTOPdft_qi_CQxcIFqeQqx9Tylb45UzkkXqL7Z0PbkjRwo4/s1600/IMG_7008+neerium+.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Neerium </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">4. Name of the plant</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">: <span style="color: #660000;"><em><b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Cleistanthus
collinus</span></b></em><b> </b></span>(Roxb.) Benth. ex Hook.f .</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><b style="color: #660000; font-style: italic;">Cleistanthus patulus </b>It is also poisonous, but rare.</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Family:</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> Euphorbiaceae</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Common name</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">:</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> Garari, karra ;Vodisi,
vadisaaku, Korisi </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">వొడిసి</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">ఆకు</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">, </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">కొరిసి</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Toxic substance</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">:
Cleistanthin A, B, C, D; polyols in tanins, Beta sitosterol and Collinusin. It
is a Neurotoxin. </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Toxic part</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">: Fruits
and leaves are highly poisonous, more effective if eaten with jaggery. Young
fruits resemble amla fruits. It is used to commit suicide by many.</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Symptoms</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">: Ingestion
of 1-2 leaves or 1or 2 fruits can kill a person. It is a quick poison. Symptoms
include Cardiac arythms, hepotension and nervousness. No known antidote is
available.</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Occurrence: </span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> Common
in scrub forests.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimxElafpBI0RjxPCJOPelyDE7Qq_rtZ0tMdD40FsETl6pIfyQrJkDK-XYW2Q5Pi3m8l3C91uBBv6BOSo4XHbiBKQTbA1Z833T2BbgZUFVtQjEl522P-fNdiJ9uCPBdu4-JE0eZ2uX2i5k/s1600/cleistanthus.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="233" data-original-width="314" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimxElafpBI0RjxPCJOPelyDE7Qq_rtZ0tMdD40FsETl6pIfyQrJkDK-XYW2Q5Pi3m8l3C91uBBv6BOSo4XHbiBKQTbA1Z833T2BbgZUFVtQjEl522P-fNdiJ9uCPBdu4-JE0eZ2uX2i5k/s1600/cleistanthus.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Cleistanthus collinus</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">5. Name of the plant</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">: <em><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Gloriosa
superba</span></b></em> L.,</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Family:</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Colchicaceae</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Common name</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">: </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Flame
lily, fire lily, tiger claw, gloriosa lily, glory
lily, superb lily, climbing lily, and creeping lily</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">; </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">నాభి</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> , </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">నాగేటి</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">గడ్డ</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Toxic part</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">: All
parts of the plant are toxic, but tubers are highly poisonous.</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Toxic principle</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">:
Colchicine</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">One tuber is sufficient to kill an
adult. The tuber is used as an abortifacient by tribals; but I warn girls not
to ingest the tuber; it kills you. The tubers are mixed with yam or Sweet potato to kill others. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Symptoms</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">: </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">Poisoning is known to
cause very rapid and severe clinical manifestations due gastro intestinal,
neurological, cardiac and bone marrow toxicity</span><span style="background: white; font-size: 9.0pt;">. </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">If ingested it causes nausea, vomiting, <span style="background: white;">numbness, and tingling around the mouth, burning in
the throat, abdominal pain, and bloody diarrhoea. Muscle pain and
confusion associated with tea coloured urine; hypotension and hypoventilation
may occur. It causes prolonged vaginal bleeding in women. Hair loss is another
major symptom. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">Other uses: The tubers are widely
used in Ayurvedic and tribal medicine to treat many diseases in very low doses.
It is used as snake repellent by many tribes. </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Occurrence</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">: This plant is a beautiful twiner with attractive
red flowers. Rhizome is the underground stem. It looks like a plough. Common in
the foot of hills.</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyYMaF-OUmyVW35L2Q1czbBo9boKg2oTaobjXnP_um2l4Hx65Evc_eFRcwR2gDkpI4vcQYqjukHyhAaSxlBZdfLjLtaDbNA3b5H5UTqehYhzkpYE9gFt4LOKFP9SIdN5T5WLUb24iUTGE/s1600/gloriosa.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="233" data-original-width="314" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyYMaF-OUmyVW35L2Q1czbBo9boKg2oTaobjXnP_um2l4Hx65Evc_eFRcwR2gDkpI4vcQYqjukHyhAaSxlBZdfLjLtaDbNA3b5H5UTqehYhzkpYE9gFt4LOKFP9SIdN5T5WLUb24iUTGE/s1600/gloriosa.JPG" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">6. Name of the plant</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">:<b> <em><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Ricinus
communis</span></em></b> L.,</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Family:</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> Euphorbiaceae</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Common name:</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> Castor
bean; </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">ఆముదము</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Toxic part</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">:
Seed</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Toxic substance</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">:
Ricin. It is as powerful as HCN and as potent as snake poison.It is a
toxalbumin. </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Symptoms:</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> When
the raw seeds are eaten it will cause death.</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">3-10 seeds can cause death in children.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Symptoms include nausea, vomiting,
burning of mouth, diarrohea, stomachache, convulsions dullness of vision,
anaemia, and death in 1-10 days. </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">The toxicity is dose related and depends on the
amount of castor beans ingested. There is no specific treatment and symptomatic
management to reduce the load of the toxin needs to be initiated quickly and
early when a case of poisoning is suspected so that serious complications will
be avoided. Visceral damage is caused. </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Castor oil is used as laxative; but
more than 1 table spoon may cause death, it damages the gastro-intestinal
secretions.</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Occurence:</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> It is found along railway lines
and waste places. It is cultivated for the oil from the seeds. The oil is used
in manufacture of cosmetics, soaps, lubricants etc.,</span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjujw4aDDigSZiqdJ3EOcG0ymAbLLiInPGP_Z9XHd68LqyppzvyA6IbY2j4NoRLh1l3UmOuFu68DnWIruFNeruk1DTVbgOpHGm_5d67aXXZSqlrN1xZd3DQxD8uNLgMNq3DTY43p9ApKus/s1600/Ricinus+communis+seed.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="236" data-original-width="308" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjujw4aDDigSZiqdJ3EOcG0ymAbLLiInPGP_Z9XHd68LqyppzvyA6IbY2j4NoRLh1l3UmOuFu68DnWIruFNeruk1DTVbgOpHGm_5d67aXXZSqlrN1xZd3DQxD8uNLgMNq3DTY43p9ApKus/s1600/Ricinus+communis+seed.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ricinus communis seed</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">7. Name of the plant</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">: <em><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Strychnos
nux-vomica</span></b></em> L</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Common name</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">:</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> Nux Vomica, Poison Nut,<b><span style="background: white;"> </span></b>semen strychnos and quaker
buttons Nux-vomica; Mushti </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">విష</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">ముష్టి</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Family:</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> Loganiaceae</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Toxic part</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">:
Seeds are toxic to humans; stem bark is used as fish poisoning.</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxic Principle:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Strychnine is
the poisonous principle, lethal dose 30-120mg. In low doses it is not fatal.
10-20 seeds can kill an adult. It is relatively slow poison. Seeds are used to
commit suicide.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Symptoms:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Ingestion of seed powder or seeds cause nausea,
headache, dropsy and kidney failure. Strychnine is a powerful central nervous
system stimulant that competes with the inhibitory neurotransmitter glycine,
producing an excitatory state with hyperreflexia, severe muscle spasm, and
convulsions.Its principal action is to cause uncontrolled muscle contractions.
In overdose, these lead to death from exhaustion or cardiac arrest. The muscle
contractions can result in muscle tearing itself away from bone allowing the
body to be twisted into normally impossible positions.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Medicinal
and other uses: <span style="background: white; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">nux
vomica is used for diseases of the digestive tract, disorders of the </span><span style="background: white; letter-spacing: -.15pt;">heart and
circulatory system, diseases of the eye,
and lung disease. It is also used for
nerve conditions, depression, migraineheadache, symptoms of menopause,
and a blood vessel disorder. </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; text-align: left;">A once
popular murder weapon that is believed to have killed an unknowable number of
people, especially during the 19th century. It is used as rat poison. It is common
in scrub forests of A.P.</span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEk9gNkQXj_DC08aTD5OOe63mTznBGOjiXYfA_PgxNHro0ryqh9VHfgbl_C3prdhxw4G1VaXpRLBTpA5B6-i-dW_4rqizTosKPOOM2yurIfN9WUgn34hbsSHZ3wKYRH703X8gwJxWF4-4/s1600/Strychnos+nux-vomica+seed.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="336" data-original-width="448" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEk9gNkQXj_DC08aTD5OOe63mTznBGOjiXYfA_PgxNHro0ryqh9VHfgbl_C3prdhxw4G1VaXpRLBTpA5B6-i-dW_4rqizTosKPOOM2yurIfN9WUgn34hbsSHZ3wKYRH703X8gwJxWF4-4/s320/Strychnos+nux-vomica+seed.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Strychnos nuxvomica seed</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj93Sqxu19nE_IMUp4-egVsJGf6n8RioSllX1Db8LQfRfMFuKQsiFZAeXYdZVovzoNNgJSB-bxopY6DmEkN4ZzIE3Sx7XX5CfEJRUjRyxA0f1eT6z46rEKQZqL0MZ6uLClCpQ1g_mF5ZM4/s1600/strychnos+nux+bll.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="231" data-original-width="314" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj93Sqxu19nE_IMUp4-egVsJGf6n8RioSllX1Db8LQfRfMFuKQsiFZAeXYdZVovzoNNgJSB-bxopY6DmEkN4ZzIE3Sx7XX5CfEJRUjRyxA0f1eT6z46rEKQZqL0MZ6uLClCpQ1g_mF5ZM4/s1600/strychnos+nux+bll.JPG" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Strychnos nux-vomica </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
</div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">8. Name of the plant</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">: <b><i><span style="color: #660000;">Digitalis
purpurea</span></i></b><i> </i>L.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Family:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">
Plantaginaceae</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><b>Common names:</b> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">foxglove</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">, </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">common foxglove</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">, </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">purple foxglove</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> or </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">lady's glove</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">Occurance:</span></b><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> Is found in Himalayan region and in South Kodaikanal and Nilagiri
areas.</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">Toxic part and substance</span></b><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">: Due to the
presence of the </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">cardiac glycoside<span style="background: white;"> </span><b>digitoxin<span style="background: white;">,</span></b><span style="background: white;"> the
leaves, flowers and seeds of this plant are all </span>poisonous<span style="background: white;"> to humans and some animals and can be fatal if
eaten.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><b>Symptoms: </b></span><span style="background: white;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Upon ingestion, this plant can cause toxic
reactions that lead to severe sickness and death in animals and in humans.</span></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
Human poisoning occurs rarely. However, poisoning was reported in the children
who ate the flowers or drank water from vases. Accidentally including foxglove
leaves in tea has led to poisoning and death.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="background: white;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Medicinal use:</b> Several important pharmaceutical drugs such as
digitalis and digoxin are derived from this plant. The chemicals increase the
force of contraction of the heart muscle and are therefore used in cases of
heart congestion.</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="background: white;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">It is not found in AndhraPradesh.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">
<strong><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> image- please visit: </span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><span style="background: white; color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digitalis_purpurea">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digitalis_purpurea</a></span></b></span></span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">9. </span></strong><b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Name of the plant</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">: <b><i><span style="color: #660000;">Cerbera odollum</span></i></b> Gaertn.,</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Family</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Apocyanaceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Common name</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Kerala Suicide tree, dog bean, ordeal
tree, pong pong, sea mango(Eng.); adavi arali </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">అడవిఆరళి</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(Tel.) <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Fruits
resemble unripe (green) mangoes. Flowers white, the plant grows in back waters
in sea shores;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxcity:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> All parts of the plant are
poisonous; <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The latex
and seeds contain cardiac glycosides- thevitin .the kernel of the
fruit contains the cardiac glycoside cerberin, which blocks cardiac
calcium ion channels. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">It is
a common agent of homicide and suicide in some parts of South India,
especially in Kerala, in coastal areas of Godavari. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b style="font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Symptoms</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>: </b>Vomiting , thrombocytopenia, and sinus
bradycardia were the most common features of poisoning. If treated
recovery is possible. In homicides, where a few kernels are mixed in
with spicy and flavorful foods to mask any bitterness</span></div>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"></span>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman"; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; orphans: 2; padding: 6px; text-align: center; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><div style="margin: 0px;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvMB5cjwvAiu1PA23IgH0woONnWdun4Y9aHwPWGJ95AW3GzYcNcSDelVERRqciiCEMv2T6yEs6fPLXxJsmE6ksAde1n3Yp8z9m6XSd1y3hSXqLG78EC6UykKFuTSqY9nbXwPXB0oCFRoc/s1600/Cerbera+odollam+fruits.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="277" data-original-width="361" height="245" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvMB5cjwvAiu1PA23IgH0woONnWdun4Y9aHwPWGJ95AW3GzYcNcSDelVERRqciiCEMv2T6yEs6fPLXxJsmE6ksAde1n3Yp8z9m6XSd1y3hSXqLG78EC6UykKFuTSqY9nbXwPXB0oCFRoc/s320/Cerbera+odollam+fruits.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px; padding-top: 4px; text-align: center;"><div style="margin: 0px;">
Cerbera odollam fruits</div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">10.</span></b><strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Name of the plant</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">: <em><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><b><span style="color: #660000;">Datura metel</span></b>/ D.stramonium</span></em> and, <i>D.innoxia</i></span><br />
<div style="margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Family:</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> Solanaceae.</span><br />
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Common name</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">:</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> Angel's trumpet, devil's trumpet, black trumpet; </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">ఉమ్మెత్త</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Toxic part</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">: Entire plant,especially seeds. 20 seeds are sufficient to cause poisoning in an adult. Seeds are sedative and intoxicating in large doses.</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Toxic substance</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">: Hyoscyamine,hyoscine,atropine, <b>Scopolamine</b>, and other glycosides.</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Symptoms:</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> Dry mouth, thirst, nausea, vomittinng, diarrhea, delirium and convulsions. Finally death if not treated.</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">Eye contact with the sap may cause temporary blindness.</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm;">
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">The leaves are used to smoke by Asthma patients. The smoke is also used as <b>stimulant,</b> it causes mild <b>hallucination.</b></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">వీటి</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">ఆకుల్లో</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">, </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">విత్తనాల్లో</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> <span style="background: white;">hyoscamine and hyoscine</span> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">అనే</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> <b>alkaloids </b></span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">ఉంటాయి</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">ఇవి</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">భ్రమలు</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">, </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">మరో</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">లోకంలో</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">ఉన్నట్లు</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">అనుభూతి</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">కలిగిస్తాయట</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">. </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">కొందరు</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">గిరిజన</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">తెగలుముఖ్యంగా</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">పండగలు</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> , </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">జాతర్లలో</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">వీటి</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">ఆకులను</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">గంజాయి</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">లాగ</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">పొగ</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">పీలుస్తారు</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">/ </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">దయ్యాలు</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">, </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">దేవుళ్ళు</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">వంటి</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">పైకి</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">వచ్చిన</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">వారికిధూపం</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">లాగ</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">పొగ</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">పెడతారు</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> . </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">వీటి</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">పొగ</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">ఎక్కువయితే</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">చని</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">పోతారు</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">. </span></div>
</div>
<div style="margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Occurence</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">: It is found on road side in waste places.</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5xPPytMHxQKww38UT7ki3McGoTzY8eqlFSuOLPuugW77iR-3vzGbDU_S4zgPW1iIYjUTge6fxCGsCnAQxkr0BiRdFjYGDz5cMwpQ5Ka-qbpL7iELUbBx0E-1JuqiGcULNiHw9eftDmC8/s1600/b+Datura+metel.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="235" data-original-width="292" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5xPPytMHxQKww38UT7ki3McGoTzY8eqlFSuOLPuugW77iR-3vzGbDU_S4zgPW1iIYjUTge6fxCGsCnAQxkr0BiRdFjYGDz5cMwpQ5Ka-qbpL7iELUbBx0E-1JuqiGcULNiHw9eftDmC8/s1600/b+Datura+metel.JPG" /></a></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrNkFrwHLgQppdxTfU5b53TaEdGQZTqo8hPMoLYqMzdadVZK6ZzbyifVnRZ4oCJulTzU_B5r3LBQuCM0H-peZK1aMwBHUclxVRzfXFC_16SWbvN1FDbj_CZ0bXh8HEgtBONLEzTxLpJdU/s1600/IMG_7504+Datura+metel+fruit+and+seed.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="277" data-original-width="385" height="230" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrNkFrwHLgQppdxTfU5b53TaEdGQZTqo8hPMoLYqMzdadVZK6ZzbyifVnRZ4oCJulTzU_B5r3LBQuCM0H-peZK1aMwBHUclxVRzfXFC_16SWbvN1FDbj_CZ0bXh8HEgtBONLEzTxLpJdU/s320/IMG_7504+Datura+metel+fruit+and+seed.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Datura </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">11. Name
of the plant</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> : <span style="background: white;"><b style="font-style: italic;"><span style="color: #660000;">Atropa belladonna</span> </b>L.,</span></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">Family</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">: Solanaceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">Common
name</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">: B</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">elladonna or deadly nightshade, </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">Toxic
part</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">: Leaves and
berries<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Toxic substance</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">: Tropane alkaloids- atropine,
hyoscine, h<span style="background: white;">yoscyamine</span></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">Symptoms</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">: Berries are sweet in taste, If eaten
they are deadly poisonous; cardiovascular problems, gastrointestinal diseases
cause death. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">The tropane alkaloids of <i>A.
belladonna</i> were used as poisons, and early humans made poisonous
arrows.</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">
</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">For image visit : </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><span style="color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atropa_belladonna">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atropa_belladonna</a></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: large;"><u>Category 2 toxic plants: </u></span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Potentially toxic, but death is depending on the level of exposure. If attended immediately poisoning can be easily cured.</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">12. Name of the Plant</span></b><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">:<span style="color: #660000;"> <b><i>Jatropha
curcas</i></b></span> L.,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Family</span></b><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">:
Euphorbiaceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Common name</span></b><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">:
Bio-diesel plant, physic nut, Barbdos nut; పెద్ద నేపాళం, అడవి ఆముదం <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxic part</span></b><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Seed<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxic substance</span></b><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">:
Jatropin, curcin and taxalbumin.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><b style="background-color: transparent;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">Symptoms</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"> appear
in 30 minutes to 2 hours after ingestion. Vomiting, pain in abdomen, nausea,
diarrhoea and convolusions are observed. The seeds are sweet to taste, children
tempted to taste. 8-10 seeds can cause death. If treated in time recovery is
possible.</span> </span><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJtw9XFEkb21hOXWgykTKHP-PQ2iLrY5zJCXU8LvLqu7RBcMMvTDOjRR8Xls-eBXP1jKEcUxUpAxLYZOn2VtJPbgQbIDc9koO5zRmXy2GF154XlhY2TL8S30WR7Osr5WVcbuJC2VfhjAc/s1600/jatropha.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="235" data-original-width="314" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJtw9XFEkb21hOXWgykTKHP-PQ2iLrY5zJCXU8LvLqu7RBcMMvTDOjRR8Xls-eBXP1jKEcUxUpAxLYZOn2VtJPbgQbIDc9koO5zRmXy2GF154XlhY2TL8S30WR7Osr5WVcbuJC2VfhjAc/s1600/jatropha.JPG" /></a></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9tdCuWiNM2H91YwD83Ny3fu00DxZqQBULuXuvCdEtdcX6VEis501ZL5zvnFoX3nA_MqtHcz3SlkEWI9mOrG3vb40Bl4hJU4ZZwV_OoTHHPNEi1iuk5oOcoCFKu0U5yAiwbwUkcgVqpyI/s1600/IMG_4328Jatropha+curcas+seeds.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="336" data-original-width="448" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9tdCuWiNM2H91YwD83Ny3fu00DxZqQBULuXuvCdEtdcX6VEis501ZL5zvnFoX3nA_MqtHcz3SlkEWI9mOrG3vb40Bl4hJU4ZZwV_OoTHHPNEi1iuk5oOcoCFKu0U5yAiwbwUkcgVqpyI/s320/IMG_4328Jatropha+curcas+seeds.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Jatropha curcas</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">13.<b>Name of the Plant</b>: <b><i><span style="color: #660000;">Argemone
mexicana</span></i></b> L.,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Family</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Papaveraceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Common names</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Mexican poppy, prickly poppy,</span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">బలురక్కసి</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">,
</span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">బ్రహ్మదండి</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">, </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">పిచ్చికుసుమ</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxic part</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Entire plant, especially seed<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxic substance</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Argemone oil contain 2
alkaloids- sanguinarine and <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Dihydrosenguinarine.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Symptoms</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: It will not cause immediate death but slowly
it creates many health problems that may lead to death. Wheat flour
contaminated with Argemone seeds cause acute inflammation of
gastro-intestinal tract. Several epidemics occurred in India due to argemone
oil poisoning. People were affected with dropsy, glaucoma followed by
blindness. Argemone poisoning cause non inflammatory bilateral edema of legs
associated with diarrhoea, cardiac failure and sometimes even death. It also
produces abortion, vomiting anaemia and alopecia. Sometimes the oil from the Argemone seeds
is used to adulterate edible oils especially Mustard oil and Sesamum oils.
Beware of this adulteration. This plant is smoked as a marijuana
substitute. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Occurence</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: It is found in road side and also in
waste places.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZ1QCQcx-BGohD83TgDIuHz1_un6jGeuhcBagiDN3s6xUi0D2kEnQawwEsjkYW7NRRyfZPtk0hOMFLAqdfayK7-sZLwx6Bedbxt3H1fb6-60vYsxNUIhyphenhyphenZU55ofQ6hcJR23Sem-I-cE5s/s1600/P3110300+a.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1198" data-original-width="1600" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZ1QCQcx-BGohD83TgDIuHz1_un6jGeuhcBagiDN3s6xUi0D2kEnQawwEsjkYW7NRRyfZPtk0hOMFLAqdfayK7-sZLwx6Bedbxt3H1fb6-60vYsxNUIhyphenhyphenZU55ofQ6hcJR23Sem-I-cE5s/s320/P3110300+a.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiInLhuZI1xAwWdVe5bzIJnShQus_PfBxh8gvCZrGox3OXrN4UOUwgmsKrubPCeF7H-2luJeQau7oAaanb2R85XfpmC7cq02vH30QjQWKhAXktp_uaMzi0gn-FVuuTSsi0Z2rCa8_FMJQU/s1600/IMG_6904.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="336" data-original-width="448" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiInLhuZI1xAwWdVe5bzIJnShQus_PfBxh8gvCZrGox3OXrN4UOUwgmsKrubPCeF7H-2luJeQau7oAaanb2R85XfpmC7cq02vH30QjQWKhAXktp_uaMzi0gn-FVuuTSsi0Z2rCa8_FMJQU/s320/IMG_6904.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Argemone mexicana</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<b><span style="background: white; font-size: 13.5pt;">14. </span></b><strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Name of the plant :</span></strong><b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span></b><b><i><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">Catharanthus roseus</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> (L.) G.Don,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<o:p></o:p><strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Family</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">: Apocyanaceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<o:p></o:p><strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Common name</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">: Madagascar
Periwinckle, Vinca, Cape periwinkle, rose periwinkle, rosy periwinkle, Bright
eyes, and "old-maid".; Billa ganneru, nithya kalyani </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">బిళ్ల</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">గన్నేరు</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">, </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">నిత్యకళ్యాణి</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">(Tel.). <strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> </span></strong><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p>Toxic
part:</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> All
parts are <span style="background: white;">toxic if consumed orally by
humans.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p>Toxic
substance</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">:it
is <span style="background: white;"> traditionally used as an anti
diabetic and anti cancer drug.The
substances vinblastine and vincristine and many other
alkaloids. In small doses it is used as a medicine for some diseases.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p>Symptoms:</span></strong><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> If
more than 2 leaves are ingested symptoms begin to appear</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">; it causes<span style="background: white;"> </span>nausea, vomiting, heart stimulation,
convulsion and mortality is rare; symptoms are due to renal- hepato- and
hematopoeitic toxicity.<span style="background: white;"> Higher than 300 mg
of extract can produce signs of biochemical and histopathological toxicity in liver,
kidney and heart.</span> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Poisoning occur due to over dosage by herbal/ traditional
healers. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p>Occurrence<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">:</span></strong></span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> Exotic. Widely
cultivated as an ornamental; and runs wild on roadsides.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<o:p></o:p>
<o:p></o:p>
<o:p></o:p>
<o:p></o:p>
<o:p></o:p>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCNxo1TRkzMcp5u5lBP0kfCwFNjzoOh0MDN-BQHj-IPTsVW4ZJihjtooUsocGK9Bh-SYoCOxrmgupmd_NhjL0jl3dW6BzpmTFJSCGInImxEP6bdSvIVgiJjtnJcCR-MUf-Oqm1Bmj7Tjs/s1600/IMG_4495.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="235" data-original-width="303" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCNxo1TRkzMcp5u5lBP0kfCwFNjzoOh0MDN-BQHj-IPTsVW4ZJihjtooUsocGK9Bh-SYoCOxrmgupmd_NhjL0jl3dW6BzpmTFJSCGInImxEP6bdSvIVgiJjtnJcCR-MUf-Oqm1Bmj7Tjs/s1600/IMG_4495.JPG" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Catharanthus roseus</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<div style="margin: 0cm;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">15. Plant
name: </span></b><b><i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="color: #660000;">Strychnos potatorum</span></span></i></b><i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">L.f., <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Common
names:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Clearing
nut; Chillaginja </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">చిల్లగింజ</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> (Tel.).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Family:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Loganiaceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxicity:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Seeds are
toxic in doses of 2g per kg body weight. If the seeds are crushed and
eaten they are toxic. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">But Seeds as
whole are used to clear turbid water.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxic
principle: </span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">diaboline
(major alkaloid) and its acetate is the principle chemical. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Symptoms: </span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Same as <i>Strychnos nuxvomica</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">Occurence</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">:Common in scrub forests.</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdLuhFp8eB6pSHucKUYfyNAqvWIFUvoWTGdxnVSZwXR8tBq1LhD1ax1H-MqKUkE2uVdyIiv_0JL43mEKeiyAQycOCRGzfiTdt4Em0oCIS-6Z-5WP__14Wf7v0R0OdBWBELnutAy1ZoXv8/s1600/Strychnos+potatorum+mature+fruits.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="336" data-original-width="448" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdLuhFp8eB6pSHucKUYfyNAqvWIFUvoWTGdxnVSZwXR8tBq1LhD1ax1H-MqKUkE2uVdyIiv_0JL43mEKeiyAQycOCRGzfiTdt4Em0oCIS-6Z-5WP__14Wf7v0R0OdBWBELnutAy1ZoXv8/s320/Strychnos+potatorum+mature+fruits.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvWqhLRQnQMCwJxwM_rPn4Jzrw9GyH-QS5Bcz8HMmzbTYNJw167jhrC43ibuWj-f8-HCHZRtUh2bqnUdKI-BA9YYyGW5kbbDzN56mf-7ujhwNDzoAxid9T8u6KEl0Gt4kM7D3ojKRoI7o/s1600/Strychnos+potatorum+seeds.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="336" data-original-width="448" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvWqhLRQnQMCwJxwM_rPn4Jzrw9GyH-QS5Bcz8HMmzbTYNJw167jhrC43ibuWj-f8-HCHZRtUh2bqnUdKI-BA9YYyGW5kbbDzN56mf-7ujhwNDzoAxid9T8u6KEl0Gt4kM7D3ojKRoI7o/s320/Strychnos+potatorum+seeds.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Strychnos potatorum</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">16.Plant name</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: <span style="color: #660000;"><b><i>Pergularia daemia</i></b> </span>(Forssk.)
Chiov., <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Family</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Apocynaceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Common name</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Pergularia, దుష్టపాకు, జుట్ట పాకు <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxicity</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: The plant is used in Ayurvedic and folk lore
medicine in India. Over dosage<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">May lead
to many complications because it is a highly toxic plant, especially the aerial
parts, due to the presence of numerous cardenolides and cardenolide glycoside;
these have digitalis-like cardio-activity.<br />
The latex in the plant is poisonous. It is used as a fishing and hunting
poison, and is added to water to poison animals.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYy4i3QlJulubH1T48ETrZT7KYdp_G4RsSKGiIxGnRIVJaKp2QYvaDv5FWA7GGrKkS3vsQngwXD28oVpHpA3KUrknq_EztmbeudJfoJ-1VWDJFIFdr2JS-mJLOwlkuGXZ8A424xAq_wAc/s1600/pergularia+pl.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="323" data-original-width="410" height="252" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYy4i3QlJulubH1T48ETrZT7KYdp_G4RsSKGiIxGnRIVJaKp2QYvaDv5FWA7GGrKkS3vsQngwXD28oVpHpA3KUrknq_EztmbeudJfoJ-1VWDJFIFdr2JS-mJLOwlkuGXZ8A424xAq_wAc/s320/pergularia+pl.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Pergularia Daemia</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">17.Plant name:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <b><i><span style="color: #660000;">Melia azedarach</span></i></b> L., <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Family:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Meliaceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ver.names</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Bakain, cape lilac, ceylon cedar, ceylon
mahogany, chinese berry, chinese tree, indian or persian lilac, lunumidella,
white cedar(Eng.); తురకవేప, కొండ వేప <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxic part:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Fruit<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Symptoms:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Fruits are poisonous to humans if eaten more
than 5-6. The toxins are neurotoxins and unidentified resins
found mainly in the fruits. The first symptoms of poisoning appear a few hours
after ingestion. They may include loss of appetite, vomiting, constipation or diarrhoea,
bloody faeces, stomach pain, pulmonary congestion, cardiac arrest,
rigidity, lack of coordination and general weakness. Death may take place after
about 24 hours.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqpSBvULx-MH75kqkmAK_6iaJZCUPWx0u7eWupItL5vsvHkyvJnrlsXDImaGkjvr4YEabfZaDDwHfSZlPJSsWyr1yVdTk0b01hTpJ7_j0X_vrzELuL0orvkKX1Axc5wKUiSxpt4_A9NzM/s1600/melia.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="235" data-original-width="314" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqpSBvULx-MH75kqkmAK_6iaJZCUPWx0u7eWupItL5vsvHkyvJnrlsXDImaGkjvr4YEabfZaDDwHfSZlPJSsWyr1yVdTk0b01hTpJ7_j0X_vrzELuL0orvkKX1Axc5wKUiSxpt4_A9NzM/s1600/melia.jpg" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhhRxkg52eHKWlexLm4OlssEIn1lCG8hknfKjqNLzTk0CJ6sZH2kbqL4yBktc8xO_7OGmGoOB2KIWYrYsxvUF80yI68WM8jiF0HymR3wqkz-jTLq13sopPXtIkMwhLEatFM8pgpRHLFhw/s1600/melia+fruit.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="235" data-original-width="314" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhhRxkg52eHKWlexLm4OlssEIn1lCG8hknfKjqNLzTk0CJ6sZH2kbqL4yBktc8xO_7OGmGoOB2KIWYrYsxvUF80yI68WM8jiF0HymR3wqkz-jTLq13sopPXtIkMwhLEatFM8pgpRHLFhw/s1600/melia+fruit.JPG" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<b>18. <span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Name of the plant: </span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b><span style="color: #660000;"><i>Adenium obesum</i></span></b> (Forssk.) Roem. & Schult. </span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Family:</b> Apocyanaceae</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Common name:</b> Desert rose, Adenium</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">It is an exotic garden/ornamental plant, widely cultivated in India.</span></div>
<div>
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Toxicity: </span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">It </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">produces a sap in its roots and stems that contains cardiac
glycosides. </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">All parts of the plant are
toxic. </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Symptoms may include slow heart beat, low blood pressure,
lethargy, dizziness and stomach upset.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">This sap is used as arrow poison for hunting large game
throughout much of Africa and as a fish toxin.</span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_EVd6NXJx67s35FFVEjVzTUpbnVs92wJplYc8Hu4xUT_LfsSptGo8qjOHH0KGjKE06DxZrKassfw7hEORun0q9XbXWvlbx_G2mQchVRwnBIyilGgRBf6ZIr6NWYSZFdiGAn8U-ClIELM/s1600/Adenium.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="235" data-original-width="296" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_EVd6NXJx67s35FFVEjVzTUpbnVs92wJplYc8Hu4xUT_LfsSptGo8qjOHH0KGjKE06DxZrKassfw7hEORun0q9XbXWvlbx_G2mQchVRwnBIyilGgRBf6ZIr6NWYSZFdiGAn8U-ClIELM/s1600/Adenium.JPG" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Adenium obesum</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">19. </span><strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Name of the plant</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">: <em><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">Lantana
camera</span></b></em> L<em><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">.,</span></em><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<o:p></o:p><strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Family</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">: Verbenaceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Common name</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">: Wild sage; </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">పులి</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">కంప</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<o:p></o:p><strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Toxic part</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">: Berry and leaves.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<o:p></o:p><strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Toxic substance</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">: Hepatotoxins called </span><span style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-family: "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "roboto" , "arial" , sans-serif;">called lantadenes</span><span style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-family: "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "roboto" , "arial" , sans-serif;"> are present in leaves. (</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Triterpenoids and a sterol) in leaves</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<o:p></o:p><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Lancamrone and oleanonic acid are also present in leaves.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<o:p></o:p>
<o:p></o:p>
<o:p></o:p>
<o:p></o:p>
<o:p></o:p>
<br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Symptoms:</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> <span style="background: white;">Symptoms
are delayed several hours and may include vomiting, diarrhoea, laboured
breathing, dilated pupils, lethargy and weakness. </span>Few fruits cause
death in children. It is hepatogenic. Leaves induce photosensitization.
Jaundice circulatory collapse may occur if not attended and finally death.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiC1j_QenPWSYZsvbnxtQ001iRD3uonY0fHMrrr4XkvRp9sVFyoZXifV31s7GxBIIB1JHsEFjJ1bqAViKJhEYisiFtL6TVZT78cjbZRTZy10iH_a3IHzdfPiR2_CxCLNP2WPbN-2p2ZqvU/s1600/PB210019+a.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiC1j_QenPWSYZsvbnxtQ001iRD3uonY0fHMrrr4XkvRp9sVFyoZXifV31s7GxBIIB1JHsEFjJ1bqAViKJhEYisiFtL6TVZT78cjbZRTZy10iH_a3IHzdfPiR2_CxCLNP2WPbN-2p2ZqvU/s320/PB210019+a.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Lantana camera</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="background-color: white;"><b>20.</b> </span></span><b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Plant
name: <i><span style="color: #660000;">Pentalinon luteum</span></i></span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (L.) B.F.Hansen & Wunderlin,</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Family:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Apocynaceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ver.names:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Hammock viper's-tail, licebush, wild
allamanda, wild wist, and yellow mandevilla(Eng.).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxic
part:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Leaves<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxic
principle:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> A cardiotoxic steroid<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Symptoms:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Latent period is variable depending on the quantity
ingested. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Hyperkalemia is indicator of poisoning. Nausea, numbness, chest pain, difficulty in breathing may be noticed on ingestion of leaf.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">It is widely cultivated in India as an ornamental. Research on human poisoning is not widely carried out so far.</span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgriWO3oH6IWJx5Rs2bqDU8D9RJlFvWm0ramz5K4nAJuQpzfWshn7zbyW7vqxhoFmQouw9Sx5-ADS4LQgm4zzp8SVnhOXb1iceUWE_Z7yF0Y5z4-2yfhCSmfaaUrVYSyfPcWlYpm7uH_P0/s1600/Pentalinon+luteum.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="235" data-original-width="314" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgriWO3oH6IWJx5Rs2bqDU8D9RJlFvWm0ramz5K4nAJuQpzfWshn7zbyW7vqxhoFmQouw9Sx5-ADS4LQgm4zzp8SVnhOXb1iceUWE_Z7yF0Y5z4-2yfhCSmfaaUrVYSyfPcWlYpm7uH_P0/s1600/Pentalinon+luteum.JPG" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Pentalinion leutem</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><b>21. Name of the plant:</b> </span><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><i>Allamanda
cathartica</i></span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"> L.,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Family:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Apocynaceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ver.names:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Golden trumpet, common trumpetvine, and yellow
allamanda (Eng.)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxic
part:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Leaves; ingestion of </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">large amounts can be
toxic. </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxic
principle: </span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">A</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">ll parts of the plant contain allamandin, a
toxic iridoid lactone.</span><b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Symptoms:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Fever, swollen lips,
thirst, nausea, diarrhea; skin irritation upon contact with cell sap.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"><b>Occurrence</b>: It is grown as ornamental plant. </span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhP_Ck3hBkd1D0dmFREKzGMUtYa2CQZuuqqsBbY5QmBhp4Nd6DQcDRDpFreSubOfhPo0atxvcXYHyy32ixgSGieLVP0oTcBe0JGjf8onX4dZQj5nY0MTJYsMvJq1vefSyXOV3OUrM_qyPU/s1600/Allamanda+cathertica.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="235" data-original-width="314" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhP_Ck3hBkd1D0dmFREKzGMUtYa2CQZuuqqsBbY5QmBhp4Nd6DQcDRDpFreSubOfhPo0atxvcXYHyy32ixgSGieLVP0oTcBe0JGjf8onX4dZQj5nY0MTJYsMvJq1vefSyXOV3OUrM_qyPU/s1600/Allamanda+cathertica.JPG" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Allamanda cathertica</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">22.Alstonia scholaris</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> (L.)R.Br.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Common names:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> Indian devil tree,
Sapta parni,</span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">సప్తపర్ని</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">, edaakula ponna </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">ఏడాకుల</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">పొన్న</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Family:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> Apocynaceae<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">It is very widely planted along roads for its beautiful appearance.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Toxicity: </span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Due to the high number of
alkaloids present, all parts of the plant are toxic.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Some people believe evil spirit reside in the tree , hence called it as Devil's tree. Some people
are allergic to the pollen and silky hairs on the seeds. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjJ_6YBpmhuPyCX0vQbsRpCHu2GC4rs3TjU5Hd9kUxLej-R4kT98Aist6NhN5Vhyphenhyphen1MU0370XC1DMd9jBOI9TvuOh172jZBQWDznbUHj5ObVvGMFvfTQON_Ec_D7vEm1Gr_wbkeuq0O9tI/s1600/Alstonia+scholaris.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="235" data-original-width="314" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjJ_6YBpmhuPyCX0vQbsRpCHu2GC4rs3TjU5Hd9kUxLej-R4kT98Aist6NhN5Vhyphenhyphen1MU0370XC1DMd9jBOI9TvuOh172jZBQWDznbUHj5ObVvGMFvfTQON_Ec_D7vEm1Gr_wbkeuq0O9tI/s1600/Alstonia+scholaris.JPG" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Alstonia scholaris</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b>23</b>.<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Plant name: <i><span style="color: #660000;">Codiaeum variegatum</span></i> </span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">(L.)A.Juss.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Family: </span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Euphorbiaceae<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Common name: </span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Garden
croton, <span style="background: white;">variegated croton</span>.క్రోటన్ </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Toxicity:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> All parts of
the plant are toxic.<b> </b>It contains an oil with violently purgative
and irritating qualities, which is also suspected of being a co-carcinogen.
Luckily, it tastes dreadful, so accidental poisonings are rare.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Even dried plant materials retain their poisonous
properties.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Toxic
substance</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">: Volatile oils, resins, alkaloids, and glycosides: quite a cocktail of
bad stuff.</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">Symptoms</span></b><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">: Consumption of the seeds can be fatal to children; the sap can
cause skin irritation in some people.</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">If ingested it cause vomiting, nausea, and/or
diarrhea.<span style="background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_gtk4m_IEdsdbDpNPpFByzF_0kADevjNR7f-pmaJCFBpHyMNs4yDi2U_Fvd5fHEoF4Y5Dp1nYCbZMX2vghroy1PsCHqbYTM6LrMrMpSNKOuZKMg6JNI6thDgGknwB_aW0qE85CH4V1lQ/s1600/codium+.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="235" data-original-width="314" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_gtk4m_IEdsdbDpNPpFByzF_0kADevjNR7f-pmaJCFBpHyMNs4yDi2U_Fvd5fHEoF4Y5Dp1nYCbZMX2vghroy1PsCHqbYTM6LrMrMpSNKOuZKMg6JNI6thDgGknwB_aW0qE85CH4V1lQ/s1600/codium+.JPG" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Codiam variegatum </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">24.Plant
name: </span></b><b><i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="color: #660000;">Epipremnum
aureum</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
(Linden & André) G.S.Bunting</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Family:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Araceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ver.names:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Golden
pothos</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">, money
plant, devil’s<b> </b>vine; మనీ ప్లాంట్ <b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxicity:</span></b><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> It is
mildly toxic to humans. All parts of the plant contain needle-like calcium
oxalate crystals; if chewed or eaten, can cause immediate pain or a burning
sensation and swelling of the lips, mouth, tongue and throat. The sap may cause
contact dermatitis and eye irritation. If difficulty in breathing or swallowing
please rush to the doctor. </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">It is a common plant in many households.</span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRBGFQY_EvX0qhaxkNRoB-L1hzxoI-U3_DO8uKO8j42dIHek8gdEFeZ8IOss6M9AgZNbq4mKiVJwkeVMcAGRARkq8xBF23ags6mfGYV6xtf9hoP9qst-iFfUl29GpKMhUjyfLRG_QNR-w/s1600/IMG_0405.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="336" data-original-width="448" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRBGFQY_EvX0qhaxkNRoB-L1hzxoI-U3_DO8uKO8j42dIHek8gdEFeZ8IOss6M9AgZNbq4mKiVJwkeVMcAGRARkq8xBF23ags6mfGYV6xtf9hoP9qst-iFfUl29GpKMhUjyfLRG_QNR-w/s320/IMG_0405.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Golden pothos</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Many Euphorbiaceae plants are toxic due to alkaloids.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b><span style="font-size: 12pt;">25.Plant name: <i><span style="color: #660000;">Euphorbia milii</span></i></span></b><i><span style="color: #660000; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></i><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: #660000;">var.<b><i>millii
</i></b></span><i><o:p></o:p></i></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Common names:</span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> Crown of
thorns, Christ thorn, Christ plant (Eng.)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Family:</span></span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Euphorbiaceae</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">It is a very common house plant, and also found in many places as an ornamental.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxicity:</span></b><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> The
sap is reported as being corrosive to the skin and eyes, causing skin blisters
and temporary blindness. The stout spines can also cause mechanical injury.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfghrg6kolAUNpxzIKSohK21vxFKl63xtt3wSCHYsGPGQo3LKmZM6bEpo8KvWVPhRGC0h0_ozwEel-GRsCbFwuQywHOGquu6RUc27kWMaWtoHuXHyGTNlw4QkJvyo5r0X4zyhHxifjdQg/s1600/euphorbia+mili+bl.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="235" data-original-width="314" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfghrg6kolAUNpxzIKSohK21vxFKl63xtt3wSCHYsGPGQo3LKmZM6bEpo8KvWVPhRGC0h0_ozwEel-GRsCbFwuQywHOGquu6RUc27kWMaWtoHuXHyGTNlw4QkJvyo5r0X4zyhHxifjdQg/s1600/euphorbia+mili+bl.JPG" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Euphorbia mili </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">26. Name of the plant</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">: <b><i><span style="color: #660000;">Euphorbia tirucalli</span></i></b> L.</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Family:</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> Euphorbiaceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Common name:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">Firestick Plants, Indian Tree
Spurge, Naked Lady, Pencil Tree, Sticks on
Fire or Milk Bush (Eng.);పుల్లల జెముడు <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><b>Toxicity</b>:<o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">Many members of Euphorbia genus are quite
poisonous, due to the presence of phorbol esters.</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<o:p></o:p>
<o:p></o:p>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Symptoms:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The milky sap is corrosive. Skin contact can cause intense
burning and blisters. If splashed directly into the eye or transferred from
fingers, symptoms can include an immediate burning, tearing, sensitivity to
light, red, swollen eyelids, bleeding, and blurred vision. Symptoms may worsen
over the next 12 hours, and result in temporary blindness lasting for several
days. If the sap is ingested, symptoms can include burning of the lips, tongue
and mouth, salivation and vomiting. Deaths have been recorded from ingestion of
the sap.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi62l_a4LDaqhbtetF8fM_VhXDuPAvzzYMuLfnYpVWTLRN0yHfSUqMrczAXO6tlIZ0OD0_Cfb2OXd4jLwhN90LHhHtcwW2DbCxS8vf0szX5Kg2TXdD9WoKsvt1PdbiRyI3cFYVc5JfkhI4/s1600/ephorbia+tirukalli+veg.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="739" data-original-width="988" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi62l_a4LDaqhbtetF8fM_VhXDuPAvzzYMuLfnYpVWTLRN0yHfSUqMrczAXO6tlIZ0OD0_Cfb2OXd4jLwhN90LHhHtcwW2DbCxS8vf0szX5Kg2TXdD9WoKsvt1PdbiRyI3cFYVc5JfkhI4/s320/ephorbia+tirukalli+veg.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Euphorbia tirucalli</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">27.Plant name</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: <b><i><span style="color: #660000;">Euphorbia antiquorum</span></i></b> L., and <i style="font-weight: bold;">E.lacei </i>Craib<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Family</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Euphorbiaceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Common names</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Triangular Spurge, Square Spurge,
Square milk hedge, Fleshy spurge (Eng.);బొంత జెముడు(for common people both species look similar) <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxcity</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Root bark is purgative.The latex is applied
externally to swellings, boils, warts and other skin affections in folk
medicine.The whole plant is poisonous. In almost all cases, the latex found in
Euphorbia species is toxic on ingestion and highly irritant externally, causing
photosensitive skin reactions and severe inflammation, especially when it comes
into contact with eyes or open cuts.</span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6YhYvOd_-66mrRxlaeO_G4-V3GIDDMlhSDvHQTNpWJg5eFmxwOD7Mk31zHn49OtRhhixQN5H5sA6ufNDESkmE5ePXrS-7hteyUaj53KZn0XWRbaqUyjAIhL_K5fPnuV2zyCfHrhNoRac/s1600/11Euphorbia+antiquorum.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="235" data-original-width="314" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6YhYvOd_-66mrRxlaeO_G4-V3GIDDMlhSDvHQTNpWJg5eFmxwOD7Mk31zHn49OtRhhixQN5H5sA6ufNDESkmE5ePXrS-7hteyUaj53KZn0XWRbaqUyjAIhL_K5fPnuV2zyCfHrhNoRac/s1600/11Euphorbia+antiquorum.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Euphorbia antiquorum</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>28.Name of the plant: <i><span style="color: #660000;">Euphorbia</span></i></b><b><i><span style="color: #660000;"> tithymaloides</span></i></b> L., <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Family:</b> Euphorbiaceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Common names:</b> Devil's
Backbone, Japanese Poinsettia, Slipper Spurge, Redbird Cactus, Christmas
Candle (Eng.);<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">It is found as fencing plant and also as an ornamental plant
in many households and offices.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Toxic
principle</b>: All <span style="background: white;">parts of the plant contain </span>euphorbol (a complex terpene)
and other diterpene esters. <span style="background: white;">These are also known </span>carcinogens.
Beta-sitosterol and oxime are known
toxins and found in leaves and stems.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Toxcity</b>: All parts are toxic. Sap <span style="background: white;">can irritate mucosal membranes</span>. When ingested, the irritation of
the mucosal membranes of the stomach and intestines will cause nausea and
vomiting. Ingestion of seed cause vomiting and diarrhoea associated with
severe stomach pain. If sap is contacted with eye there is burning sensation and
reduced visual actuity occur.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="background: white;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Don’t get panicked; wash repeatedly with water. Then go
for medical advice.</span></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirH_apfZeaYXRbpWYI4pugRF2SYqBSk4kIaZa6DfgHkPrrfn0E17tE0x9htifR42zkat2-adHwUDdwlfWt6cKs4llCEdRanfgTC0m_KgVHK5wWkzSMQOpYK-I7wa3i6nVBumSUG3EQlgI/s1600/euphorbia+tithymaloides.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1273" data-original-width="1600" height="254" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirH_apfZeaYXRbpWYI4pugRF2SYqBSk4kIaZa6DfgHkPrrfn0E17tE0x9htifR42zkat2-adHwUDdwlfWt6cKs4llCEdRanfgTC0m_KgVHK5wWkzSMQOpYK-I7wa3i6nVBumSUG3EQlgI/s320/euphorbia+tithymaloides.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Euphorbia tithymaloides</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">29.Name of the plant</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: <i><b><span style="color: #660000;">Euphorbia cyathophora</span></b></i> L<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Common name</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Poinsettia<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Family</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Euphorbiaceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxic part</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Entire plant<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxic substance</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Alkaloids in the latex.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Symptoms</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Ingestion of a small twig can cause severe irritation in mouth, throat& stomach. When treated in time death can be avoided.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Occurence</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Found cultivated in the gardens</span>.</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPHOKWH23hVn0e98PM14Q9nZIXS1buobmUc00dFLuu0wg0ogz3ZoWkJmrgTrcnXCaz2uUYCiA-T5JNeAnK3y5jXds3Q9B2oXyqCal0ieIfE5YSxPu0cnA5rOAbbqG-P9xoIv59ArQXsSI/s1600/P3160342+a.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1198" data-original-width="1600" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPHOKWH23hVn0e98PM14Q9nZIXS1buobmUc00dFLuu0wg0ogz3ZoWkJmrgTrcnXCaz2uUYCiA-T5JNeAnK3y5jXds3Q9B2oXyqCal0ieIfE5YSxPu0cnA5rOAbbqG-P9xoIv59ArQXsSI/s320/P3160342+a.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Euphorbia cyathophora</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>30.Name of the plant</b> :<i><span style="background: white; color: #222222;"> </span></i><b><i><span style="background: white; color: #660000;">Dieffenbachia bowmannii</span></i></b><span style="background: white;"> </span>Carrière<span style="color: #222222;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Family:</b> Araceae</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Common name:</b> Dumb cane, mother in law's tongue</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">It is a common ornamental plant in house holds and offices.</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Toxicity and symptoms:</b></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="background: white;">Leaf contains needle shaped calcium oxalate crystals called raphides If a leaf is chewed, these crystals can cause a temporary burning sensation and </span><span style="background: white;">erythema. In rare cases, </span>edema of tissues exposed to the plant has been reported. It can cause a host of unpleasant symptoms, including intense numbing, oral irritation, excessive drooling, and localized swelling. </span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Don't get panicked, wash the mouth with water, if symptoms persists more than half an hour seek medical help. Death is rare.</span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhedej6p5YrPqRIJOqUsBQwuSDepTJJ3kF1cfXJRC_p_jTPsjPHX1zfD2E9GKJj_uqa85-F8-mmWFFbvYScGPvY3VC_IHDaqTy_8Bw0chyphenhyphenu-tivU50hoZU7qsCJhVS287GP7tKYrBY1EvQ/s1600/IMG_0835.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="336" data-original-width="448" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhedej6p5YrPqRIJOqUsBQwuSDepTJJ3kF1cfXJRC_p_jTPsjPHX1zfD2E9GKJj_uqa85-F8-mmWFFbvYScGPvY3VC_IHDaqTy_8Bw0chyphenhyphenu-tivU50hoZU7qsCJhVS287GP7tKYrBY1EvQ/s320/IMG_0835.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Dumb cane</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b><span style="line-height: 150%;">31.Plant
name: Falconeria insignis</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%;"> Royle<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b><span style="line-height: 150%;">Synonym</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%;">: <i>Sapium
insigne</i> (Royle) Trimen<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b><span style="line-height: 150%;">Common
names</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%;">: Tiger's Milk Spruce(Eng.); Garbhasula, Devasuroopi (Tel.).<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Family</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">: Euphorbiaceae</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">A deciduous tree with large leaves; it is rare; found in hill forests.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 150%;"></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Toxicity</span></span></b><span style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">: Milky latex is highly poisonous.</span><span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif; font-size: 13pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<b style="font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">32.Name of the plant</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">: <b><i><span style="color: #660000;">Cestrum nocturnum</span></i></b> L.</span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Common name</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Night queen; </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">రేరాణి</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Family</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Solanaceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxic part</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Leaves and berries<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxic substance</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Atropine,
anticholinergic alkaloids are present in leaves; and solanine in unripe fruit.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="background: white;"><b style="background-color: transparent;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Symptoms</span></b><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">: People with with respiratory sensitivities or
asthma, have reported difficulty breathing, irritation of the nose and throat,
headache, nausea, or other symptoms when exposed to the blossom's powerful
scent. Solanine alkaloids are haemolytic in humans. If fruit is ingested it may
result in temperature, rapid pulse, excess salivation and gastritis.</span></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeaxEI3e3FhwDd5_3JbHIMabW75tFCsmnEABedMBtgVqT0qB-Ufbh94BZ-HuJbix9E01XhPZcf01-C7IbS1voHS4yRXTiLr7kMaj6zYh4IfA9Lf1jlaa3shC5dZKu2kvsU2zAleKljU7o/s1600/Cestrum+nocturnum+plant.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="335" data-original-width="448" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeaxEI3e3FhwDd5_3JbHIMabW75tFCsmnEABedMBtgVqT0qB-Ufbh94BZ-HuJbix9E01XhPZcf01-C7IbS1voHS4yRXTiLr7kMaj6zYh4IfA9Lf1jlaa3shC5dZKu2kvsU2zAleKljU7o/s320/Cestrum+nocturnum+plant.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Cestrum nocturnum</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">33.Plant name</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: <i><b><span style="color: #660000;">Hippeastrum puniceum</span></b></i> (Lam.)
Voss, <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Family:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Amaryllidaeceae <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ver.names</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Barbados lily, Easter lily, cacao lily, cocoa
lily and amaryllis lily(Eng.).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">It is a
widely grown ornamental<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxicity</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">The bulb contains alkaloids, including lycorine. It is toxic,
especially if eaten in large quantities, causing nausea, vomiting, salivation
and possibly diarrhoea</span>.<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikPuFEpMDp1GHcQu_2HBTmNj7SA0GZCUOjN1gwcxudzoAgSOlBv6kMIbddOhiM6xPVLkvUUlKPMWMkEv2vGEAUeanoVGGCSzxHP0pV6sQ1jppAD42h9Cf_OAJBYRw0JB_7lNb9do_8XPA/s1600/Hippeastrum+striatum+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="235" data-original-width="314" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikPuFEpMDp1GHcQu_2HBTmNj7SA0GZCUOjN1gwcxudzoAgSOlBv6kMIbddOhiM6xPVLkvUUlKPMWMkEv2vGEAUeanoVGGCSzxHP0pV6sQ1jppAD42h9Cf_OAJBYRw0JB_7lNb9do_8XPA/s1600/Hippeastrum+striatum+.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Hippeastrum</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">34.Plant name</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: <i><b><span style="color: #660000;">Caladium bicolor</span></b></i> (Aiton)Vent.,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Family</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Araceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <b>Ver.names</b>:
Caladium, fancy-leaved caladium, angel wings, heart of Jesus, elephant ears
(Eng.).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxicity</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: All parts of the plant are poisonous. Due to
presence of Calcium oxalate crystals in the sap it causes rash, irritation of
skin. If ingested it affects mucous membrane; but no deaths are reported.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLGpV5NPeSv7UkcmZZRBF44trxWyZU5KGmpH9zGTPcCLXKyty3wqCDmWSQtqqnBiwUre1IUS5yuP8i5Upg_aA7ziJpJFwyZBwF4Zx5Wh8Tn8je_izuYIFaNSBVCc82lzDfr3hauj6Fw4E/s1600/IMG_2968+Caladium+bicolor+leaf.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="336" data-original-width="448" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLGpV5NPeSv7UkcmZZRBF44trxWyZU5KGmpH9zGTPcCLXKyty3wqCDmWSQtqqnBiwUre1IUS5yuP8i5Upg_aA7ziJpJFwyZBwF4Zx5Wh8Tn8je_izuYIFaNSBVCc82lzDfr3hauj6Fw4E/s320/IMG_2968+Caladium+bicolor+leaf.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Caladium bicolor</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">35.Plant name:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <b><i><span style="color: #660000;">Parthenium hysterophorus</span></i></b> L.,
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Family:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Asteraceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Common names:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Santa Maria Feverfew and Whitetop
Weed, Carrot Grass, Congress grass, Wild carrot weed (Eng.);వయ్యారి భామ, పిచ్చి మాచిపత్రి </span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxicity:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> All parts are toxic.The main substance
responsible is parthenin, which is dangerously toxic.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Symptoms:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Contact with the plant causes dermatitis and
respiratory malfunction in humans, and dermatitis in cattle and domestic
animals. Persons exposed to this plant for prolonged period manifest the
symptoms of skin inflammation, eczema, asthma, allergic rhinitis, hay fever,
black spots, burning and blisters around eyes. The milk and meat quality
of cattle, buffalo and sheep deteriorate on consumption of this weed Crop
production is drastically reduced owing to its allelopathy. Also aggressive
dominance of this weed threatens biodiversity. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9wh_DZKIAdEdpiqDS89bvxVvb4IG__kZTQDFDzr7fQ6cvz9j8A44GULNCz3gsUG_h3EKcbPLrM7diCwgtwDLcCLzVmxgMkwu_MgpwjvrVPsEXvRqR7q8spABJTWWA6XMO9R4xKKez07c/s1600/P1013515+a.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1198" data-original-width="1600" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9wh_DZKIAdEdpiqDS89bvxVvb4IG__kZTQDFDzr7fQ6cvz9j8A44GULNCz3gsUG_h3EKcbPLrM7diCwgtwDLcCLzVmxgMkwu_MgpwjvrVPsEXvRqR7q8spABJTWWA6XMO9R4xKKez07c/s320/P1013515+a.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Parthenium hysterophorus</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">36.Plant name</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: <b><i><span style="color: #660000;">Tabernaemontana divaricata</span></i></b> (L.)
R.Br. ex Roem. & Schult.,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Family</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Apocynaceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Common names</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Pinwheel Flower, Crape
Jasmine, East India Rosebay andNero's Crown (Eng.);నందివర్ధనం <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Cultivated
as an ornamental. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxicity:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> All parts of the plant are poisonous. The plant
has been reported to contain a variety of alkaloids, including, in the
bark of the stem and root, including tabernaemontanine, coronarine, coronaridine
and dregamine.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Medicinal uses</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">The roots, leaves, and flowers are used against snake and
scorpion poisoning in China. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhA_jMrOQcnh7uFp8oJ-sPgZXrTqKZ0yB5CvZpTX-o1AGr2b9Jx-krvrFs5Ejd1eXWvKHyo-v0YcDF6ua24nMwDLlDOZpqyL2rePk4YZFpDA5NoBojRf6_GXkfBNgGm2t5eUxU6WdQEHyo/s1600/Tabernaemontana+divaricata.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="235" data-original-width="314" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhA_jMrOQcnh7uFp8oJ-sPgZXrTqKZ0yB5CvZpTX-o1AGr2b9Jx-krvrFs5Ejd1eXWvKHyo-v0YcDF6ua24nMwDLlDOZpqyL2rePk4YZFpDA5NoBojRf6_GXkfBNgGm2t5eUxU6WdQEHyo/s1600/Tabernaemontana+divaricata.JPG" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Tabernimontana divaricata</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>37.</b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b> Plant name: </b><span style="color: #660000; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Aristolochia bracteolata </span>Lam.,<span style="color: #660000; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"> Aristolochia indica </span>L.,<b> </b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>Family: </b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Aristolochiaceae</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>Common name</b>: Indian birth wort ఈశ్వరి</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>Toxcity</b>: Aristolochic acid is the toxin. The root of <i>Aritolochia indica</i> is used as a medicinal plant to treat many ailments; but the root is a potential carcinogen an</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">d nephrotoxin; if over dose is given it will cause complications. The root smells camphor like odour, it is used to repel snakes. Roots also contain cytotoxic lignin savinin. <i>A.bracteolata </i>is also toxic like <i>A.indica.</i></span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZpUSe2LHMcHm_9OKYrmzF_SXoX4pywEvDyEhykdNQqW5G5_OU7rgwXNCxlL2kLTMjhsuD9Pc8-TkGky3MkvN835OjIfXD8vChlOmDZwxs7-j8c_FZ6cGDLs3utDRwH-Lhrb64y7B-aYY/s1600/P1010209.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="336" data-original-width="410" height="262" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZpUSe2LHMcHm_9OKYrmzF_SXoX4pywEvDyEhykdNQqW5G5_OU7rgwXNCxlL2kLTMjhsuD9Pc8-TkGky3MkvN835OjIfXD8vChlOmDZwxs7-j8c_FZ6cGDLs3utDRwH-Lhrb64y7B-aYY/s320/P1010209.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Aristolochia indica</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">38.<b> Plant name</b>: <i><b><span style="color: #660000;">Drimia indica</span></b></i> (Roxb.)Jessop,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Family</b>: Asparagaceae</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Common name: అడవి ఉల్లి </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Medicinal
Uses: In small doses the bulb is cardiac, de-obstruent, diuretic, emmenagogue,
expectorant and stimulant. The bulbs are used in Ayurveda and Unani
medications, and hence they are collected unscrupulously by the tribals.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><b>Toxicity:</b>
If taken in excess, the bulb is a narcotic, acrid poison causing nausea, slow,
painful urination, and bloody urine.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbgEbvVeHcXrK-qXZ_mxPD759923KNBkkMNg0wtWcI_nlzaEo6x-QJa9SNlBEZCIOX3oUpJPtvnVuZd9H1OfA4uC1hG-y-ese9fp6Y_WCBpNRjPZgMLrMWi3DEoxlBIjDjt_mEW47P4zQ/s1600/bulb+Drimia+indica+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="202" data-original-width="314" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbgEbvVeHcXrK-qXZ_mxPD759923KNBkkMNg0wtWcI_nlzaEo6x-QJa9SNlBEZCIOX3oUpJPtvnVuZd9H1OfA4uC1hG-y-ese9fp6Y_WCBpNRjPZgMLrMWi3DEoxlBIjDjt_mEW47P4zQ/s1600/bulb+Drimia+indica+.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Drimia indica</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</span><br />
<b>39. <span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Plant name</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">: <b><i><span style="color: #660000;">Citrullus colocynthis</span></i></b> (L.) Schrad.,</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Family</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Cucurbitaceae <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Common names</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Bitter apple, colocynth (Eng.);వెర్రి పుచ్చ <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxicity</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: It is used as purgative in Ayurveda. Fruit
pulp is bitter, when given in large dose it is toxic. Eating of fruit cause vomiting,
diarrhoea, hypotension, and shock.</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The pulp
contains Colocynthin, and a phytosterol glycoside (citrullol), other glucosides
(elaterin, elatericin B and dihydro-elatericin B), pectins and albuminoids.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfmCQXQ49oCTXIuABfnhwhC24Ue97-o-7H8vYUWNwH5ZaqReyOUoI9sCu6UI-wkYd4_hDMyh3fVLwpNyPc0VM-eXYghPq5jx0H7FDo2JSApVQJUXSVhj2zTFkmj1-NZk2t2OWMGwYXfjg/s1600/P7031026Citrulus+colocynthis.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="336" data-original-width="448" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfmCQXQ49oCTXIuABfnhwhC24Ue97-o-7H8vYUWNwH5ZaqReyOUoI9sCu6UI-wkYd4_hDMyh3fVLwpNyPc0VM-eXYghPq5jx0H7FDo2JSApVQJUXSVhj2zTFkmj1-NZk2t2OWMGwYXfjg/s320/P7031026Citrulus+colocynthis.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Citrulus colocynthus</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">40.Plant name</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: <b><i><span style="color: #660000;">Diplocyclos palmatus</span></i></b> (L.) C.Jeffrey,
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><b>Common names</b>:
Native Bryony, Striped cucumber, Lollipop climber, marble vine(Eng.); <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">లింగ దొండ , శివలింగవిత్తులు </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Medicinal
use: The fruit is used as medicine to treat gynec problems in folk medicine.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxicity</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: The fruit and seeds are bitter and poisonous.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Phytochemical constituents</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: The fruit and seeds
contain alkaloids, saponins and flavonoids.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIoQlDluVnoNJ49UCYTgtyTkeVEU_WweYePDxq7YeY889jla8Dq6FimMiCknCtNHqo6cWwvaF1J3WVAy7G6jAG_LEdQ072uOHRkhuZRUYGLoy-IXsSzmFsyhMP9JAPQp02vYER-slvfd4/s1600/Shivlinga+beej.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="231" data-original-width="314" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIoQlDluVnoNJ49UCYTgtyTkeVEU_WweYePDxq7YeY889jla8Dq6FimMiCknCtNHqo6cWwvaF1J3WVAy7G6jAG_LEdQ072uOHRkhuZRUYGLoy-IXsSzmFsyhMP9JAPQp02vYER-slvfd4/s1600/Shivlinga+beej.JPG" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">41. Plant name</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: <i><b><span style="color: #660000;">Trichosanthes tricuspidata</span></b></i> Lour.,
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Common names</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Indrayan, bitter snake gourd (Eng.); అవగూద, అబూద <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxicity</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Fruits are poisonous.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Phytochemical constituents</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Aerial parts contain
saponin trichonin, hexacosanoic acid, cycloeucalenol, β-sitosterol, and
α-spinasterol.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBaCNSKeXlxsEhKPoVliy_T1QaoPculOI9a0dxNgrIDivAS7f84NQ0FSNj-1XPUV50upBo-qSZHvVAAIL47v3V1od9Btj_YJMZPxtwC3-vOdxjCxK9bY5wIxhwMBKHKvt_SCVjXPFa_Dc/s1600/P1013578+Trichosanthes+tricuspidata+fruit.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="335" data-original-width="448" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBaCNSKeXlxsEhKPoVliy_T1QaoPculOI9a0dxNgrIDivAS7f84NQ0FSNj-1XPUV50upBo-qSZHvVAAIL47v3V1od9Btj_YJMZPxtwC3-vOdxjCxK9bY5wIxhwMBKHKvt_SCVjXPFa_Dc/s320/P1013578+Trichosanthes+tricuspidata+fruit.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<b>42.</b> <b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Plant name</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">: <b><i><span style="color: #660000;">Mirabilis
jalapa</span></i></b> L.,</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Family</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">: Nyctaginaceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Common name</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">: four
o'clock flower; చంద్ర కాంత <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Toxicity</b>: It is
widely grown ornamental. The flowers are attractive. The seeds of the four
o'clock resemble pepper grains and are poisonous if ingested; they
can cause vomiting and diarrhea and, in large quantities, death
in children. Also known as false jalap for its purgative nature. hence named as <i>jalapa</i> The tuber and leaves are highly purgative .<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaHumAKcAOstR1OLX2xbaN2Kumc1UfdCmWrztY2ZG2ZXDPTXfMoYuDfDSHKGp_d8jqGX72rpof7SOZtEe67tKSKzRqJJmvOw1FxwKfAVlj27JAU6INzZJgAFnK_XR7RVWD08jCaaeDisY/s1600/mirabilis+jal.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="236" data-original-width="308" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaHumAKcAOstR1OLX2xbaN2Kumc1UfdCmWrztY2ZG2ZXDPTXfMoYuDfDSHKGp_d8jqGX72rpof7SOZtEe67tKSKzRqJJmvOw1FxwKfAVlj27JAU6INzZJgAFnK_XR7RVWD08jCaaeDisY/s1600/mirabilis+jal.JPG" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Mirabilis jalapa</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>43.</b> <b>Plant name</b>: <b><i><span style="color: #660000;">Xanthium strumarium</span></i></b> L.,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Family</b>: Asteraceae</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Common names</b>: Common cocklebur; మరులమాతంగి </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Toxcity</b>: The leaves and seeds are used as medicine in traditional medical system. But in large quantities it is toxic. </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">The seeds are eaten in famine hit areas. They should not be
eaten in large quantities because they contain significant concentrations of
the extremely toxic chemical carboxyatratyloside. The mature plant also
contains at least four other toxins. If leaf is used as leafy vegetable or more
than 10 seeds are eaten the symptoms included vomiting and altered mental
states, followed by unconsciousness. Some tribes use the seeds along with Cannabis leaf to sedate people.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhumNETeJ03JXeEA8W5Hak4WzLNndjxQuIB-nGUFdA0v9Ws-Ik9eDZcFnvnFFzRnO-dMXtPUO3QS_aoVh_3cYnQlHQpIXdtT3Z_b9G7wZItfIFslT2Qs1cbXzU2AQi6fWD_4T1X9YAZFtE/s1600/IX.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="225" data-original-width="314" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhumNETeJ03JXeEA8W5Hak4WzLNndjxQuIB-nGUFdA0v9Ws-Ik9eDZcFnvnFFzRnO-dMXtPUO3QS_aoVh_3cYnQlHQpIXdtT3Z_b9G7wZItfIFslT2Qs1cbXzU2AQi6fWD_4T1X9YAZFtE/s1600/IX.JPG" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Xanthium strumarium</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>44.Cryptostegia grandiflora </b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Roxb.
ex R.Br., </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Common name: Rubber vine; రబ్బరుతీగ </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">Family:</span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"> Apocynaceae</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">Use:</span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"> Grown as an ornamental. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">Toxicity:</span></b><span style="background: white; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">Leaves are toxic. A noxious weed
threatens life stalk. 10 grams of leaves can kill 400 kg horse or a buffalow.</span> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">for image: </span><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/140231536@N03/25163778665/in/album-72157666350333595/">https://www.flickr.com/photos/140231536@N03/25163778665/in/album-72157666350333595/</a><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Occular poisons:కంటి చూపుకు ప్రమాదం కలిగించే మొక్కలు </span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">45.Plant name</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">: <b><i><span style="color: #660000;">Calotropis gigantea</span></i></b> (L.) Dryand., and <b><i><span style="color: #660000;">Calotropis procera</span></i></b> (Aiton)W.T.Aiton<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Family</b>: Apocyanaceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Common names</b>: Giant Milk Weed, Crown Flower, Bowstring hemp, Giant Calotrope, Milkweed, Madar (Eng.)జిల్లేడు <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Toxicity</b>: All parts of the plant yield thick milky latex. It is a poison. Latex contain <span style="background: white;"> </span>uscharin, calotoxin, calactin, and calotropin. The plant also contains cardio glycosides.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Symptoms</b>: <span style="background: white;">Applied to the skin, it causes redness and vesication. When taken orally, the juice produces an acrid, bitter taste and burning pain in throat and stomach, salivation, stomatitis, vomiting, diarrhea, dilated pupils, tetanic convulsions, collapse and death. </span>If the latex comes into contact with eyes it may cause temporary to permanent vision loss. There may not be any pain in eyes. If treated within 6-12 hours vision may be recovered.</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.6667px;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.6667px;">జిల్లేడు పాలు కళ్ళల్లో పడితే ఎటువంటి మంట , నొప్పి ఉండదు, కానీ కొద్ది సేపటికి కంటి చూపు తగ్గడం మొదలై చివరకు పూర్తిగా చూపు పోతుంది. దీనికి ఎటువంటి మందులుగాని , ఆపరేషన్ గాని పనిచేయవు ; కాబట్టి జిల్లేడు తో జాగ్రత్త గా ఉండాలి. </span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQk8Y7vEawLf_ORwPyaSJWQyi02PfZfOlrVcap6ICjibxw9VpJu1tfiKdbctgA5n8kd39lvIX0g-yRb-bbWbjWO8bpy0ffhhxK0H0eMPLEsBt1bvjGvkDgLcW7QnAIXyZdMfVNKPwM70I/s1600/cal+gigantia.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="693" data-original-width="902" height="245" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQk8Y7vEawLf_ORwPyaSJWQyi02PfZfOlrVcap6ICjibxw9VpJu1tfiKdbctgA5n8kd39lvIX0g-yRb-bbWbjWO8bpy0ffhhxK0H0eMPLEsBt1bvjGvkDgLcW7QnAIXyZdMfVNKPwM70I/s320/cal+gigantia.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;">Calotropis gigantea</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b><span style="line-height: 24px;">46.Plant name: Excoecaria agallocha</span></b><i><span style="line-height: 24px;"> </span></i><span style="line-height: 24px;">L.తిల్లచెట్టు <i><o:p></o:p></i></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b><span style="line-height: 24px;">Common names:</span></b><span style="line-height: 24px;"> Blinding Tree, Milky mangrove, Blind-your-eye mangrove, River poison tree (Eng.); Tilla (Tel.).<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Family</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">: Euphorbiaceae</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Toxicity:</span></span></b><span style="line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> All parts of the plant are<span style="background: white;"> very poisonous and powerfully irritant. Non-milky latex on contact with skin causes irritation and rapid blistering; slight contact with eyes can cause temporary blindness.</span></span></span><br />
<span style="line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="background: white;">for image: </span></span></span><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/140231536@N03/25433142474/in/album-72157666387824475/">https://www.flickr.com/photos/140231536@N03/25433142474/in/album-72157666387824475/</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b><span style="line-height: 24px;">47.Semicarpus anacardium</span></b><span style="line-height: 24px;"> L.f.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b><span style="line-height: 18.4px;">Common names</span></b><span style="line-height: 18.4px;">: Indian Marking Nut Tree; నల్ల </span><span style="background-color: white;">జీడీ కాయ</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white;">Family: Anacardiaceae</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b><span style="background: white; line-height: 24px;">Toxicity</span></b><span style="background: white; line-height: 24px;">: The shell surrounding the seed contains a strongly irritant substance that cause severe rash on skin on contact. It can cause blisters and painful wounds.also damages eye sight.</span><span style="background-color: white;"> </span></span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMTIQeruggnsDXSf2i-qAS87ZD7-RUenR5VTJAQ9NAE1bF-dBIOuy-Ox5jBLI_58nQE7Nz3dA70jm8OhoP1QEN4_jkubif1B-oVqFdN8E6jEhEA8HDn5mxP2OQzOf3xonA-_HxpmJHtE8/s1600/anacardium+young+fruit.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="232" data-original-width="314" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMTIQeruggnsDXSf2i-qAS87ZD7-RUenR5VTJAQ9NAE1bF-dBIOuy-Ox5jBLI_58nQE7Nz3dA70jm8OhoP1QEN4_jkubif1B-oVqFdN8E6jEhEA8HDn5mxP2OQzOf3xonA-_HxpmJHtE8/s1600/anacardium+young+fruit.JPG" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Semicarpus anacardium</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span></span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>48.Name of the plants</b>: <b><i><span style="color: #660000;">Annona squamosa</span></i></b> L., (Custard apple సీతాఫలం) ;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b><i><span style="color: #660000;">Annona reticulata</span></i></b> L., (</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">wild-sweetsop, bull's heart రామాఫలం)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"><b>Family</b>: Annonaceae</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Toxcity:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"> It is occular poison. The fruits are widely consumed for the sweet pulp; but the seeds are hard and black. The kernals are toxic. In south India s</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">ome women apply seed paste for killing of head lice or as a facial skin exfoliant. There are series of cases wherein the patients developed severe symptoms of toxic keratitis following accidental ocular exposure to the custard apple seeds. </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Sap from cut branches is acrid and irritant and can<b> severely injure the eyes. </b></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Kernals are neurotoxic if ingested orally. Beware of toxic seeds.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white;"></span></span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_x9bJrH0SrHekon01WGDzpMsCGRViU8UgLwweJaVjCs-q8pmyNg3Y6JirP-qX8mPceSHnLOAvkx_HO_tj3ONKvnjlPcYlztJuUen0FhqFP_ntgn0NKFebUssrocvRFvioQ3YwWIK4Xk8/s1600/IMG_4831Annona+squamosa+opened+fruit.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="309" data-original-width="373" height="265" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_x9bJrH0SrHekon01WGDzpMsCGRViU8UgLwweJaVjCs-q8pmyNg3Y6JirP-qX8mPceSHnLOAvkx_HO_tj3ONKvnjlPcYlztJuUen0FhqFP_ntgn0NKFebUssrocvRFvioQ3YwWIK4Xk8/s320/IMG_4831Annona+squamosa+opened+fruit.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;">Annona squamosa<br />
<div>
<br /></div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b>Edible plants with Poisonous chemicals.</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">49. Plant name</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: <b><i><span style="color: #660000;">Manihot esculenta</span></i></b> Crantz<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Family</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Euphorbiaceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Common name</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Cassava, Tapioka; </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">కర్ర</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">పెండలము</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">, </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">ఆళ్వారిగడ్డలు</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Cassava is widely cultivated and eaten as a staple food </span>in
South India. The sweet varieties have pleasant flavour. <span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxicity</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Fresh uncooked tubers are toxic .There are
bitter and sweet varieties. Once harvested, bitter cassava must be treated and
prepared properly prior to human or animal consumption, while sweet cassava can
be used after simply boiling. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> The antinutritional and
toxic factors are the cyanogenic glucosides (linamarin and lotaustralin). On
hydrolysis, these release hydrocyanic acid (HCN). Hence they should be
cooked or processed. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Symptoms</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Improper preparation of cassava can leave
enough residual cyanide to cause acute cyanide intoxication,
goiters and even ataxia, partial paralysis, or death.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixjhf1WY-bcsbq3H7xzKvujYLh_EsKAbIII0VdLmh7Nn-MujC3gkNTBI15fmDgQmYvooIbYqGpeaP2OM-DKYgvLuSqfZHf5jr8FLV5lCWwaQLSvDIV05TGCliszZJ0YjLZf0QX0j8uSKA/s1600/casava+.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="214" data-original-width="314" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixjhf1WY-bcsbq3H7xzKvujYLh_EsKAbIII0VdLmh7Nn-MujC3gkNTBI15fmDgQmYvooIbYqGpeaP2OM-DKYgvLuSqfZHf5jr8FLV5lCWwaQLSvDIV05TGCliszZJ0YjLZf0QX0j8uSKA/s1600/casava+.JPG" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Cassava tubers.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">50. Plant name</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: <i><b><span style="color: #660000;">Glycene
max</span></b></i> L.,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Family</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Fabaceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Common name</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Soya beanసోయా <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Although
it contains lots of good nutrients due to presence of some chemicals in raw soy
beans proper methods need to detoxify the seeds. They must be soaked for 12
hours and cooked at high temperatures for 15 minutes. Or buy processed
products. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxcity</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">: Soy foods commonly cause allergy; symptoms
appear within minutes to hours of ingestion. They cause urticaria and angioedema.
Lectins and saponins in raw soybeans can
cause acute nausea, gas, abdominal pain, diarrhea or vomiting. People who
suffer from hypothyroidism and gout should not take soy in any form it may
worsen the situation. Trypsin inhibitors prevent protein absorption.</span><br />
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">51. Plant name</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: <i><b><span style="color: #660000;">Phaseolus vulgaris</span></b></i> L.,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Family</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Fabaceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Common name</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Red kidney bean, rajma రాజ్మా <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxicity</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Raw and soaked beans are poisonous. They contain
relatively high amounts of phytohemagglutinin, and thus are more toxic
than most other bean varieties if not pre-soaked and subsequently heated to the
boiling point for at least 10 minutes. Cooking at the lower temperature of
80 °C (176 °F), such as in a slow cooker, can increase this
danger and raise the toxin concentration up to fivefold.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Primary symptoms of poisoning</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Consumption of5-10
seeds of raw or soaked beans cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea with in 1-2
hours of eating. They will naturally subside in 6 hours, if persists
please visit a doctor.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Hence they
should be soaked overnight, or boil for three minutes and then set aside for
2–4 hours. Before cooking, soaked water is drained off and discarded.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEir5WtybxM_VWkgloVHyPU_7pRHF_UJPw7TL5CMgCGLJ9Q8NGBda7eBIEV-Ip94sdNAABpps9Cyzgvhcfmo1zcXxik5QV8gx8E8lWVcM17mgOrGFfo0tUhcGHwTew8oa_K3Ail4O1poz3g/s1600/IMG_2118+seeds.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="325" data-original-width="370" height="281" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEir5WtybxM_VWkgloVHyPU_7pRHF_UJPw7TL5CMgCGLJ9Q8NGBda7eBIEV-Ip94sdNAABpps9Cyzgvhcfmo1zcXxik5QV8gx8E8lWVcM17mgOrGFfo0tUhcGHwTew8oa_K3Ail4O1poz3g/s320/IMG_2118+seeds.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Soy and rajma seeds</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">52. Plant name</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: <b><i><span style="color: #660000;">Areca catechu</span></i></b> L.,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Family</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Arecaceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Common name</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: beetle nut, Areca nut వక్కలు </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxicity</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: The seed contains alkaloids such
as arecaidine and arecoline, which, when chewed, are
intoxicating and slightly addictive.Although there is no immediate risk, they cause
oral and oesophageal cancer . A World Health Organization sponsored group,
found sufficient evidence that the habit of chewing betel quid, with or without
tobacco, causes cancer in humans.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGG9cr88zOfrQkTq8GZeYlwrztWkvYOCqH8pXGLk7JBcPMqGter749BZW07AqkjrkZyNU1TDMevry8qRKKR_U0zdKgNV7QdIYzRncZ_DOnaaSXsK0fIw7913wzDh5RxkmmTi7POS8-zCs/s1600/b+nut.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="227" data-original-width="314" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGG9cr88zOfrQkTq8GZeYlwrztWkvYOCqH8pXGLk7JBcPMqGter749BZW07AqkjrkZyNU1TDMevry8qRKKR_U0zdKgNV7QdIYzRncZ_DOnaaSXsK0fIw7913wzDh5RxkmmTi7POS8-zCs/s1600/b+nut.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Areca nut </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>53</b></span><b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">. Plant
name</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">: <i><b><span style="color: #660000;">Lathyrus sativus
</span></b></i>L.,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">Family:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> Fabaceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">Common
name</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">: Kesari dal, grass
peaకేసరిపప్పు <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">The seed looks like re
gram, but the cotyledons are irregular in shape. It is cooked as a dal in dry
parts during famine. It is mixed with red gram as an adulterant. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">Toxcity</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">:It should be soaked and cooked . Due to
water scarcity or lack of time it is directly cooked at low flame. Although
eating in small quantities for short period is harm less, in seizable
quantities for a three-month period can
cause permanent paralysis below the knees in adults and brain damage in
children, a disorder known as lathyrism. The seeds contain a neurotoxin
that causes a neurodegenerative disease when the seeds are consumed as a
primary protein source for a prolonged period.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbBYB77mjL7aQmAjuSuRFvl6z0FMb7cqk_AenGQE9nvQUS6_fxK2GuOWkOpMy-15V_HBECu7wOSp6ObHstgEQIPDRu-366KZVTEy08gDUIby2BNQ3pqcCWiKEUy-6dixvlkQ6ZwFChXR8/s1600/Dal.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="336" data-original-width="442" height="243" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbBYB77mjL7aQmAjuSuRFvl6z0FMb7cqk_AenGQE9nvQUS6_fxK2GuOWkOpMy-15V_HBECu7wOSp6ObHstgEQIPDRu-366KZVTEy08gDUIby2BNQ3pqcCWiKEUy-6dixvlkQ6ZwFChXR8/s320/Dal.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Kesari dal</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</span></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="background: white; color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: large;"><u>Category 3 plants:</u></span><br />
<span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; line-height: 18.4px;"> They are not poisonous. But on contact causes allergic reactions. The juice, sap, or thorns of these plants may cause a skin rash or irritation. or ingestion of plant part may cause irritation of mouth, throat, skin resulting in </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; line-height: 18.4px;">throat swelling, breathing difficulties, burning pain, and stomach upset.</span><br />
<span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; line-height: 18.4px;">Don't get panicked, wash the affected part with water repeatedly. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><b>Contact dermatitis</b>: </span><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><i>Tragia involucrata</i>దురద గోండి </span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"> , <i>Mucuna</i> <i>atropurpurea, Mucuna prurience</i>దూలగొండి కాయలు; <i>Agave</i> కిత్తనార; </span></span><span style="text-indent: -18pt;">sap</span><i style="text-indent: -18pt;"> of </i><span style="text-indent: -18pt;">Mango మామిడి సొన , Buchnnia సార పప్పు కాయ రసం , జీడిపప్పు కాయల-గట్టి పెంకు నుండి వచ్చే రసం.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="text-indent: -18pt;"><i>Colacasia esculenta </i>చేమ దుంపలు they should be boiled to remove allergins. They cause itching. </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<u style="color: #660000; font-family: georgia, serif; font-size: x-large;">Category 4 plants:</u><br />
<b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif"; font-size: large; line-height: 115%;">Psychotropic/psychoactive Plants: </span><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif"; font-size: large; line-height: 115%;">మత్తుకలిగించే మొక్కలు</span><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> - </span></b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">వీటికి</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">అలవాటు</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">పడితే</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">చావుకు</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">దగ్గరగా</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">వెళ్తున్నట్లే</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">. </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">వీటిని</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">కొందరు</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">తెలిసి</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">వాడితే</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">కొందరు</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">తెలియకుండా</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">నాటుమందుల</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">ద్వారా</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">, </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">కొందరు</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">గోసాయి</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">వాళ్ళు</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">, </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">భూత</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">వైద్యుల</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">ద్వారా</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">తీసుకుంటారు</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">.</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> Once used the persons get addicted to
the drugs, hence they are dangerous.</span></b><b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> </span></b><b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span></b></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b><u><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Cocaine</span></u></b><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">:</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<i><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><b> </b></span></i><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><b>Botanical name</b><i>: <b><span style="color: #660000;">Erythroxylum
coca</span></b> </i></span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Lam., <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><b>Family</b>:
Erythroxylaceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><b>Toxicity:</b> The leaves
contain cocaine and other alkaloids. They are narcotic, cerebral-stimulant and
locally anaesthetic</span>.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><b>Other uses</b>: Chewed
with lime or plant ashes the leaves cause a feeling of easiness and increasing
energy. Therefore they are used by native peoples as a stimulant to better
endure hunger, thirst and physical stress</span>.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="background: white;">Cocaine is best known as an
illegal </span>recreational drug<span style="color: #222222;">.</span> Use
of the coca leaf except for medical or scientific purposes is prohibited
in many countries. </span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">మొక్క</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">ఆకుల</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">లో</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">సహజం</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">గా</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">లభించే</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> alkaloid. </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">ఈ</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">మొక్క</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">దక్షిణ</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">అమెరికా</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">దేశాల్లో</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">(Peru, Bolivia etc., )</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">లభిస్తుంది</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">. </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">మన</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">దేశంలో</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">పెరగదు</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">. </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">దీన్ని</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">తీసుకున్న</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">వారికి</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">మొదట</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">చాలా</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">ఉత్సాహం</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">, </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">ఏదో</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">తెలియని</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">ఆనందం</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">, </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">భ్రమలు</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">కలుగు</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">తాయి</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">, </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">క్రమంగా</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">కండరాల</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">బలహీనత</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">, </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">రక్త</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">హీనత</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> , </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">రక్తంలో</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">విష</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">పదార్థాలు</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">పేరుకుని</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">మరణిస్తారు</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">. </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">వేశ్యల</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">ద్వారా</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">ఈ</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">మత్తు</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">మందును</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">దాదాపు</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> 100 </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">సంవత్సరాల</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">పూర్వం</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">మన</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">దేశంలోకి</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">పరిచయం</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">చేశారు</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">. </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">2.</span><b><u><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">నల్లమందు</span></u></b><b><u><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">-Opium</span></u></b><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">-(<b>గసగసాల మొక్క ) </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><b>Botanical name</b>: </span><b><i><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Papaver
somniferum</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> L., <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><b>Family: </b>Papaveraceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxicity:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Opium poppy causes death accidentally, when
prescribed medication is taken in overdose, to innocent victims, when used as a
murder weapon, and as a by product of its use as a substance of abuse. Morphine
and heroin are narcotic and death due to overdose is the most frequent cause of
death; heroin can be smoked or inhaled<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Toxic principle:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Morphine is the best
known of the alkaloids together with its derivative diamorphine which is better
known as heroin.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The resin,
opium, present throughout the plant but concentrated in the sap of the seed
capsule, yields, morphine, codeine and other alkaloids called papaverine,
laudanine, narcotine, narceine, amurine, nudaurine and protopine. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Medicinal uses:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Opium is, generally, a
key component of the 'soporific sponge', used to achieve anaesthesia for the
performance of surgery. </span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">దీని</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">కాయల</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">నుండి</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">లభించే</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> latex </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">లో</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> opiates </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">అనే</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> <span style="background: white;">alkaloids
</span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">ఉంటాయి</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">. </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">వీటిలో</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> morphine</span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">, </span><span style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">codeine<b> </b> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">అనేవి</span><b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">ముఖ్యమైనవి</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">. </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">హెరాయిన్</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">
(heroin) </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">అనేది</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> <span style="background: white;"> morphine </span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">నుండి</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">రసాయన</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">ప్రక్రియలో</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">చేస్తారు</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">. </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">ఇది</span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> </span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">ప్రధానంగా</span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> </span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">నొప్పి</span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> </span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">నివారిణిగా</span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> </span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">పని</span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> </span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">చేసి</span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> , </span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">మత్తు</span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> </span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "nirmala ui" , "sans-serif";">కలిగించి</span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">క్రమంగా</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">చావుకు</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">దగ్గర</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">చేస్తుంది</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">. </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">ప్రభుత్వ</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">అనుమతి</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">లేకుండా</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">ఈ</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">పంట</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">సాగు</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">చేయడం</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">నేరము</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">. </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">మన</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">దేశం</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">లో</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">కాశ్మీర్</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">లో</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">కొన్ని</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">చోట్ల</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">దీన్ని</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">సాగు</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">చేస్తారు</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> . </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">ముఖ్యంగాఆఫ్గనిస్థాన్</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">, </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">పాకిస్థాన్</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">నుండి</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">మన</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">దేశంలోకి</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">దొంగ</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">చాటు</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">గా</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">వస్తుంది</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">. </span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghsC1CiX-JD1abu0QgmTM48iJDaenAH_Sk-vxMESQU_JVtM0T5bGDZu8T3T0HdqJl0jenjMdhRuV3DLx4PS7ugzRKw_YYUB5ghR9C2sg_za0k2fWsv_PNFwQncmr_sMe-p5v0wxQrrarQ/s1600/common-garden-white-poppy-seeds.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="360" data-original-width="360" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghsC1CiX-JD1abu0QgmTM48iJDaenAH_Sk-vxMESQU_JVtM0T5bGDZu8T3T0HdqJl0jenjMdhRuV3DLx4PS7ugzRKw_YYUB5ghR9C2sg_za0k2fWsv_PNFwQncmr_sMe-p5v0wxQrrarQ/s200/common-garden-white-poppy-seeds.jpg" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Dry poppy pods and seeds</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="257" data-original-width="235" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUAZOcbOJaZ0Xyov5yGI2a9nw6073bYbkQdQL7041dDkEnSs7NfC07srHMDmYyvThyvM68Bx4MLmXdTE54-updnRYhMQIJCdb9Y4YP8KGdn04DWAulp9fggbKnzcY7zqc4BSVLrvr8e3M/s1600/poppy+latex.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Latex from pod</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">3. </span><b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> Cannabis : </span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Botanical name: <b><i><span style="color: #660000;">Cannabis sativa</span></i>
L., </b></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Family: Cannabaceae</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Common name: </span></b><b><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">గంజాయి</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> ,
</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">భంగ్</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">; charas,
cannabis,</span></b><b><u><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span></u></b><b><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">గంజాయి</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">-marijuana</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Toxic principle:</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> <span style="background: white;">Differences
in the chemical composition of <i>Cannabis</i> varieties may produce
different effects in humans.</span></span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Main
psychoactive component is </span><b><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Tetrahydrocannabinol</span></b><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">, abbreviated </span><b><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">THC;</span></b><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">another cannabinoid produced in high concentrations by some
plants is </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">cannabidiol(CBD)</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Toxicity: The flowers
contain psychoactive compounds. Herbal preparation of flowers is marijuana ;
resinous extract is known as hashish, it is mainly consumed by smoking/ oral
inhalation. It is used as </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">hallucinogenic, hypnotic<span style="color: #222222;">, </span></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">sedative and</span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"> </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">analgesic<span style="background: white;">. </span>Ingestion
of these plants may cause minor illnesses such as vomiting or diarrhea. Hallucination,
delusion and blurred vision poor co-ordination are the main symptoms. If
ingested in large quantities it may also cause death. It is a slow poison.</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">దీన్ని</span></b><b><i><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span></i></b><b><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span></b><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">hallucinogenic,(</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">భ్రమలు</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> ),sedative,( </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">మత్తు</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">), hypnotic (</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">నిద్రకు</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">) , </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">నొప్పి</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">నివారణకు</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> analgesic </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">పురాతన</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">కాలం</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">నుండి</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">వాడుతున్నారు</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">. </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">దీని</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">రెసిన్</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">నుండి</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> hashish </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">అనే</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">మత్తు</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">మందు</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">తయారు</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">చేస్తారు</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">.</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">ఈ</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">మొక్కను</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">దొంగతనంగా</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">దేశమంతటా</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">సాగు</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif;">చేస్తున్నారు</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;">.</span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCnUdmTuih82THdDjWivcqs9CXK7-DJfZSbmnzspSqyAkrcEzGJkMlMuWGrhWBx-nQTlpqkzISkLsGh7xrhNdS-mkknJVSeyyebJkUntE2A1oL_M_5GqN4SWtPVqSlzZiTt-3Z-tvWzQw/s1600/cannabis1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="336" data-original-width="425" height="252" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCnUdmTuih82THdDjWivcqs9CXK7-DJfZSbmnzspSqyAkrcEzGJkMlMuWGrhWBx-nQTlpqkzISkLsGh7xrhNdS-mkknJVSeyyebJkUntE2A1oL_M_5GqN4SWtPVqSlzZiTt-3Z-tvWzQw/s320/cannabis1.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Cannabis sativa </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; line-height: 18.4px;"><b><span style="color: #660000;">Legal status: కొకైన్ (ఇది మన దేశం లో పండదు ), నల్లమందు , గంజాయి </span></b></span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; line-height: 18.4px;"><b><span style="color: #660000;">నిషేధింపబడిన మత్తు మందులు. ఈ మొక్కలను సాగు చేయడం, రవాణా చేయడం , వ్యాపారం చేయడం చట్ట రీత్యా నేరము.</span></b></span><span style="color: #660000;"><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;">అయినప్పటికీ గిరిజనులు కొందరు కొండ ప్రాంతాల రైతులు దొంగతనం గా సాగు చేసి కష్టాలను కొని తెచ్చు కుంటున్నారు</b><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;"> </b></span><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;"><span style="color: #660000;">With out the legal permission of the government cultivation is a crime. Transport and selling in any form is also a crime.They may face imprisonment and fine under narcotic drugs act. </span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; line-height: 18.4px;"><b>వీటిని సేవిస్తే నాడీ వ్యవస్థ దెబ్బ తిని మరణిస్తారు. వీటి వాడకాన్ని </b></span><b><span style="font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18.4px;">ఇతరులకు వీటిని అలవాటు చేయడం కూడా చట్ట రీత్యా నేరమే!.</span></b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16px;"><b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> </span></b></span></span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">4.</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b><u>Tobacco, </u></b><b><u>పొగాకు</u></b><b><u>/</u></b><b> </b><b>తంబాకు</b><b>: <o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Botanical name: </b> <b><i><span style="color: #660000;">Nicotiana tabacum</span></i></b> L.,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Family</b>: Solanaceae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Toxicity:
Nicotine </b>is the
principle toxin. Tobacco in the form of cigars, Cigarettes, Bidis, Gutka or
chewing of tobacco is lethal; use of tobacco causes cancer. It is also used as
snuff. W<span style="background: white;">hen
inhaled in short puffs it acts as a stimulant, but when smoked in deep drags it
can have a tranquilizing effect. To block stress tobacco is used; gradually men
are <b>addicted to Nicotine.</b></span> Infusion of 30 grams of
tobacco or inhalation of 1 gram of tobacco snuff is lethal.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>గంజాయి</b><b> </b><b>ఎంత</b><b> </b><b>ప్రమాదకరమో</b><b> </b><b>పొగాకు</b><b> </b><b>కూడా</b><b> </b><b>అంతే</b><b>! </b><b>దీని</b><b> </b><b>సాగును</b><b> </b><b>వినియోగాన్ని</b><b> </b><b>నిషేధించాలి</b><b> . </b>విత్తనాలు తప్ప అన్ని భాగాలు విషమే . <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b><span style="line-height: 115%;">వక్కలు</span></b><span style="line-height: 115%;">,</span><span style="line-height: 115%;">పొగాకు</span><span style="line-height: 115%;">,</span><span style="line-height: 115%;">సున్నం</span><span style="line-height: 115%;">, </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">వంటి</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">వి</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">కలిపి</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">తయారు</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">చేసే</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">గుట్కాలు</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">మొదట</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">హాయిని</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">ఇచ్చినా</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">చివరకు</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><b><span style="line-height: 115%;">కాన్సరు</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span></b><span style="line-height: 115%;">వచ్చి</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">భయంకరమైన</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">బాధ</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">అనుభవించి</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">చచ్చి</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">పోతారు</span><span style="line-height: 115%;">. </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">కొన్ని</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">ప్రాంతాల్లో</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">పొగాకు</span><span style="line-height: 115%;">, </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">సున్నం</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">కలిపి</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">చిన్న</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">పిల్లల</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">నోట్లో</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">కుక్కి</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">చంపే</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">వారని</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">ఒక</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">పెద్దావిడ</span><span style="line-height: 115%;">(a tribal woman) </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">చెప్పింది</span><span style="line-height: 115%;">. I am shocked to read a news item on 30th July 2017
(from Madhya Pradesh) that a woman tried to kill a girl (her granddaughter) by
stuffing tobacco in her mouth. In another incident a 8 moths old boy has to be
admitted for chewing the cigar of his grand father.(8 </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">నెలల</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">పసివాడు</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">తాత</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">చుట్ట</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">ను</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">తెలియక</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">నోట్లో</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">పెట్టుకుని</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">చీకడం</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">వలన</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">అనారోగ్యానికి</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">గురైతే</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">ఆస్పత్రి</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">లో</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">చేర్చ</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">వలసి</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">వచ్చింది</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> ) please keep your children away from
tobacco. </span></span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgtGWTaZT-RRLgfQCEaFw1MXaVELtCR1yLHHvolVL3d-oyf_j0id1rRM1vMGtpwIdmxaSr0Z-lMQA-3J4Bpxmtw4wkjd6F4X_633sjmwHilE1yTMd_MkHCfZuMT6MbqSWOGcjL41PFo6w/s1600/tobacco+plant.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="321" data-original-width="301" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgtGWTaZT-RRLgfQCEaFw1MXaVELtCR1yLHHvolVL3d-oyf_j0id1rRM1vMGtpwIdmxaSr0Z-lMQA-3J4Bpxmtw4wkjd6F4X_633sjmwHilE1yTMd_MkHCfZuMT6MbqSWOGcjL41PFo6w/s200/tobacco+plant.JPG" width="187" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Tobacco plant /పొగాకు మొక్క </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b><u><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">5. Elephant
creeper/</span><span style="font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">చంద్రపొద</span></u><i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">: </span></i></b></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Name of the plant:<i> <span style="color: #660000;">Argyreia
nervosa</span></i></span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> (Burm.f.)Boejr.,</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Family:</b> Convolvulaceae</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Toxic part:</b> Seeds.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Toxic substance</b>: The seeds contain(LSD) <span style="background: #F8F9FA;">d-lysergic acid
amide, d-lysergamide, ergine, and LA-111-it is an antidepressant. It is illegal
to posses the seeds in USA. Many tribes used the seeds for hallucinogenic effects.</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="background: rgb(248, 249, 250); font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Symptoms: </b>Seeds posses hallucinogenic effect.<b> </b></span></span><span style="background: rgb(248 , 249 , 250); font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">విత్తనాలు</span><span style="background: rgb(248 , 249 , 250); font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="background: rgb(248 , 249 , 250); font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">మత్తు</span><span style="background: rgb(248 , 249 , 250); font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="background: rgb(248 , 249 , 250); font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">కలిగిస్తాయి</span><span style="background: rgb(248 , 249 , 250); font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">.</span><span style="background: rgb(248 , 249 , 250); font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">అందుకే</span><span style="background: rgb(248 , 249 , 250); font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="background: rgb(248 , 249 , 250); font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">కొందరు</span><span style="background: rgb(248 , 249 , 250); font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="background: rgb(248 , 249 , 250); font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">గోసాయి</span><span style="background: rgb(248 , 249 , 250); font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">/</span><span style="background: rgb(248 , 249 , 250); font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">స్వాముల</span><span style="background: rgb(248 , 249 , 250); font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="background: rgb(248 , 249 , 250); font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">ఆశ్రమాల్లో</span><span style="background: rgb(248 , 249 , 250); font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="background: rgb(248 , 249 , 250); font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">ఈ</span><span style="background: rgb(248 , 249 , 250); font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="background: rgb(248 , 249 , 250); font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">తీగను</span><span style="background: rgb(248 , 249 , 250); font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="background: rgb(248 , 249 , 250); font-family: "nirmala ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">పెంచుతుంటారు</span><span style="background: rgb(248 , 249 , 250); font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">. </span><br />
<div style="background: white; line-height: 22.5pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-color: #f8f9fa;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisVtcWOh_9F2u9QRJdrGtvtMYMPnaD-2t0wxX_evtKDHALWN_0UjI_tPiFgR1L9E6euvyK8O_PLjNr6Ssb50UOHIDOl4xIEFRjOEx_y4gEsQGQvLSX9ctmbDcCsK7ZvaWGUnE81jknH4I/s1600/Argyreia+nervosa.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="235" data-original-width="314" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisVtcWOh_9F2u9QRJdrGtvtMYMPnaD-2t0wxX_evtKDHALWN_0UjI_tPiFgR1L9E6euvyK8O_PLjNr6Ssb50UOHIDOl4xIEFRjOEx_y4gEsQGQvLSX9ctmbDcCsK7ZvaWGUnE81jknH4I/s1600/Argyreia+nervosa.JPG" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Argyreia nervosa</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</span></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 22.5pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-color: #f8f9fa;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>Zornia diphylla</b> leaves are used smoke by some god men if cannabis is not available.</span></span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjG6W8PTdawqciElgqUDBjhmxwYjfgawaH5KXqi5gfhjfDTdeujeEWlJFyYzT9Mpa_-blUtB3BtN8Zxpfdkzu8-up1jQl2ZTZh80o203NGPaS7Vnv70LZ7TDhlIBB5EsP9RBKSqxVgl64k/s1600/Zornia+diphylla.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="336" data-original-width="428" height="251" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjG6W8PTdawqciElgqUDBjhmxwYjfgawaH5KXqi5gfhjfDTdeujeEWlJFyYzT9Mpa_-blUtB3BtN8Zxpfdkzu8-up1jQl2ZTZh80o203NGPaS7Vnv70LZ7TDhlIBB5EsP9RBKSqxVgl64k/s320/Zornia+diphylla.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Zornia diphylla<b style="background-color: transparent; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
</div>
<b><span style="background-color: #f8f9fa; font-family: sans-serif;">కుక్క గొడుగులు : కింద చూపినటువంటి రంగు తో వున్నకుక్కగొడుగులు చాలా విష పూరితము. తిన రాదు. </span></b><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDjESRzgpU6iOn9GRitPAqLD8S4sHZfUR1pBj5S42pxqdbZ33qk3CKDqBgB7_B46v7kFYQD4Kw8cTEpFuHPbTwCzspVl3pRWfLhhx3Gs1DHiPTNaI9_zJxqLtynye3fQ0PxJa6hzbYdDw/s1600/IMG_1645.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="336" data-original-width="445" height="241" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDjESRzgpU6iOn9GRitPAqLD8S4sHZfUR1pBj5S42pxqdbZ33qk3CKDqBgB7_B46v7kFYQD4Kw8cTEpFuHPbTwCzspVl3pRWfLhhx3Gs1DHiPTNaI9_zJxqLtynye3fQ0PxJa6hzbYdDw/s320/IMG_1645.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br />
Amanita mushrooms </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjS4aleqiHJpkmhuuYW-qnEXbv9ppFE9FdxdBbXiXUYr0Ui0O_vgRYXmV9E3WIYdcd2MrD0_n9Xpo2bzRQqNoKsa_rP4Qkc_QzdOiAD_TFUTuptg5qo7zoTvk-1rTnc98tqLtwhZri9djo/s1600/mushroom+.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="329" data-original-width="389" height="270" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjS4aleqiHJpkmhuuYW-qnEXbv9ppFE9FdxdBbXiXUYr0Ui0O_vgRYXmV9E3WIYdcd2MrD0_n9Xpo2bzRQqNoKsa_rP4Qkc_QzdOiAD_TFUTuptg5qo7zoTvk-1rTnc98tqLtwhZri9djo/s320/mushroom+.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
<b style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="background-color: #f8f9fa; font-family: sans-serif;"><br /></span></b>
<br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> <b>To be continued..</b>......</span><span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><b><span style="font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><br />
<b><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><i></i></span></b><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<b><span style="font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><i></i></span></b><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="color: white; font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">o</span></span><br />
<span style="color: white; font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Common name:</span></span><br />
<span style="color: white; font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span>rests.</span>Occurance: .
Common in hill slopes and as a weed in cutivated dry lands. </span><span style="color: white; font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"> </span><strong style="color: white; font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white;">m</span></strong></div>
</div>
Lalithambahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05559688683225962305noreply@blogger.com22tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2432559328926822157.post-59148383629855069132010-03-02T06:10:00.000-08:002020-08-03T19:03:41.543-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-size: large;">Some Common Medicinal Plants of Andhra Pradesh</span><br />
<br />
మందు మొక్కల వాడకం లో మోతాదు , ఉపయోగించే విధము ప్రధాన మైనవి.<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibl1IicZtYdBMWZr8VcITX7AFG4Z9haNvsoXPChBYm_jgNYrI0-PwrllMt-GI_xZ-e8VkvZAUoawsu2f2RR_L2CTJOIsTnjtkizdNKbQ-wxiQLq1QGcWP0-58D6_7_zlZhXnE9Oweq6oA/s1600-h/P7110043+a.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" kt="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibl1IicZtYdBMWZr8VcITX7AFG4Z9haNvsoXPChBYm_jgNYrI0-PwrllMt-GI_xZ-e8VkvZAUoawsu2f2RR_L2CTJOIsTnjtkizdNKbQ-wxiQLq1QGcWP0-58D6_7_zlZhXnE9Oweq6oA/s320/P7110043+a.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><em>Tinospora cardifolia</em> </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<b>Plant name</b><em>: Tinospora cordifolia</em> తిప్ప తీగ., గుడుచి </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
Family : Menispermaceae</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<em> </em><strong>Used plant part:</strong> Dried stem pieces (ఎండిన ముదురు కాండపు ముక్కలు) </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<em> </em><strong>Identification</strong><em>:</em> The stem is covered by thin papery, cream white bark, bearing raised scars of lenticells. The T.S of stem shows a yellowish wood with radially arranged wedge shaped vascular bundles</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Chemicals constituents:</strong> Contains adaptogenic constituents –diterpene compounds <strong>tinosporone</strong>, <strong>tinosporic acid, cordifolisides and vitamin A to E</strong>, and <strong>syringen.</strong> The yellow alkaloid, berberine, <strong>Giloin.</strong> crude Giloininand, are also isolated., Picrotene and <strong>bergenin</strong> were also found in the plant. It contains the bitter principle, <strong>tinosporaside</strong>. (a glucoside)</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Uses: </strong>It is a tonic, and immune booster. (రోగ నిరోధక వ్యవస్తను పటిష్ట పరుస్తుంది). improves the performance of macrophages (defensive WBC)</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
It protects liver from poisonous substances. (కాలేయాన్ని రక్షిస్తుంది. విష పదార్ధాలను తొలగిస్తుంది). It is anti pyretic (జ్వర నివారిణి).and antispasmodic (కండరాలు బిగుసుకు పోకుండా నివారిస్తుంది). , anti allergic (అలెర్జీ లను నివారిస్తుంది).and anti-inflamatory (వాపు నివారిణి). It is used to prevent rheumatism (కీళ్ళ వాతం).and jaundice (కామెర్లు) .Stem extract is known as <strong>Tippa sattu </strong>in Telugu. It is diuretic (మూత్ర వర్ధకి ) and stomachic (జీర్ణకారి). It used for the treatment of diabetes. (మధుమేహం) It is also used for the treatment of liver disorders.(కాలేయ వ్యాధులు.) </div>
<div align="left" class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcsfNxLlDE7PbG_jgn3M6bDta2YPY-KByMzBpfHVz5EEXs7z-3uG-2HxvMDseS75IvIzrOJ0Mre-glIis1gQQ-K15RqcohorCly_9oaK1Qk-N6xA8N7xfG2nYLhUnh1XZt-ODNVYH-LD0/s1600-h/P1200007+a.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" kt="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcsfNxLlDE7PbG_jgn3M6bDta2YPY-KByMzBpfHVz5EEXs7z-3uG-2HxvMDseS75IvIzrOJ0Mre-glIis1gQQ-K15RqcohorCly_9oaK1Qk-N6xA8N7xfG2nYLhUnh1XZt-ODNVYH-LD0/s320/P1200007+a.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><em>Ocimum sanctum</em></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<em><br /></em><b>Plant name</b><em>: </em><em>Ocimum sanctum </em>తులసి. </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
Family: Lamiaceae </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Used plant part:</strong> Leaves</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Identification:</strong> Aromatic herbs , young stems 4 angled, young stem and flowers are purple colored.thyrsus inflorescence.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Chemical Constituents and Components</strong> : Main constituents of basil are tannins, alkaloids and volatile oil. Oil mainly consists of eugenol,70%, methyl eugenol 20%, carvacol urosolic acid, rosmarinic acid, thymol, linalool, methyl chavicol, citral and beta-caryophyllene and Oleanolic acid.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Uses:</strong> It is anabolic, hypoglycemic , smooth muscle relaxant, cardiac, antidepressant, antifertility agent, adaptogenic and immunomodulator . Essential oil of Tulsi have antibacterial,antifungal and antiviral properties.It inhibites the growthof E coli, B.anthracis, M.tuberculosis etc. It's antitubercular activity is one-tenth the potency of streptomycin and one-fourth that of isoniazid. It is anti pyretic, anthelmintic and stomachic.useful in stomach spasms, cough and cold, It is useful to treat skin diseases. It scavenges free radicles. Leaf juice is used to treat ear ache. Seeds are demulscent. The root is used to treat insectbites and leeches.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
తులసి ఆకులను ప్రధానంగా శ్వాస కోస వ్యాధుల కు, చర్మ వ్యాధులకు ఔషధం గా వాడతారు. జ్వరాన్ని తగ్గించ డానికి, కడుపు నొప్పి కి ,చెవి పోటుకు కీటకాల కాటులకు మందుగా ఉపయోగిస్తారు. ఇది రక్తం లో కొలెస్ట్రాల్ తగ్గించ డానికి , స్వేచ్చా అయానులను తగ్గించే యాంటి ఆక్సిడెంటు గా ఉపయోగిస్తారు. </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhO2YAp7lM2orR6SaxYo2elM1ACMVbtuVYDHcFjrV57kj8jTvsOSxlihhNkbZWP5GHzNxI3lqdh89SXrBjeLyfwihRBwRX4Lv7KjFikY-0lsiAd_qOwycHaF7TdXjMqvAiv6zYhyHtKbA0/s1600-h/P1011789+a.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" kt="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhO2YAp7lM2orR6SaxYo2elM1ACMVbtuVYDHcFjrV57kj8jTvsOSxlihhNkbZWP5GHzNxI3lqdh89SXrBjeLyfwihRBwRX4Lv7KjFikY-0lsiAd_qOwycHaF7TdXjMqvAiv6zYhyHtKbA0/s320/P1011789+a.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><em>Piper longum</em> </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<b>Plant name:</b><em> Piper longum </em>పిప్పళ్ళు<em> </em></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
Family: Piperaceae </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong> Used part of the plant :</strong> Underground stem, root, and fruits.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong> Identification</strong>: swollen nodes with adventitious roots or leisions, Stem pieces light brown colored with peculiar pungent smell, bitter in taste. When put on the tounge to taste it causes numbness of the tounge. Dried fruits are black in color , aromatic, and pungent.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Chemical constituents:</strong> Both root and fruit contain alkaloids like piperine, piperidine piperlonguminine.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
Fruits contains volatile oil and crystalline alkaloids, piperine 6%,piperettine, and a resin.Other chemicals are triacontane, dihydrostigmasterol and glycosides.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Uses:</strong>Piper longum is widely used in Ayurvedic and Unani systems of medicine particularly for diseases of respiratory tract most of them includes cough, bronchitis, asthma etc<strong>.</strong> Long pepper is locally applied to counter-irritant and act as analgesic for muscular pains and inflammation.It is a good rejuvenator (Rasayana)</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
Piper longum is widely used as a carminative. aromatic, stimulant, good for the teatment of constipation, gonorrhea, paralysis of the tongue, advised in diarrhea , cholera, Chronic Malaria, and Viral hepatitis.It stimulates the appetite and it dispels gas from the intestines.An infusion of Piper Longum root is used after birth to induce the expulsion of the placenta. It is used as sedative in insomnia and epilepsy.పిప్ప ళ్ళను శ్వాస కొస వ్యాధుల దగ్గు జలుబు నివారణకు నయం చేయుటకు, కండరాల నొప్పుల ను తగ్గించేందుకు, విరేచనాల ను నయం చేసేందుకు సుఖ విరేచన కారి గా, ఆకలిని పెంచుటకు, సువాసనకు వాడతారు. </div>
<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpXl1vuUXATfuHyeD2fOIYd8ByI-UN-RsudsUkmDlRaXRAM_9zrMnHxcNvKwC-9MlzGY6LKk1R_m3CwoHjx8NJFASFbLM0Vorqe8fMrWTpRnxsmmKq5qt0_WAeqv_18ZzQxrnzixDpZ6k/s1600-h/P1010010+a.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" kt="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpXl1vuUXATfuHyeD2fOIYd8ByI-UN-RsudsUkmDlRaXRAM_9zrMnHxcNvKwC-9MlzGY6LKk1R_m3CwoHjx8NJFASFbLM0Vorqe8fMrWTpRnxsmmKq5qt0_WAeqv_18ZzQxrnzixDpZ6k/s320/P1010010+a.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><em>Terminalia chebula</em> </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<b>Plant name:</b> <em>Terminalia chebula </em>కరక్కాయ</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
Family: Combretaceae</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Used plant part: </strong> Dried Fruits .</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Identification:</strong> Dried fruits are<strong> </strong>brown colored, 2-4cm long 1.5 to 2.5 broad, hard stony, 5-6 longitudinal ribs. Bitter and astringent in taste, no odour.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Chemical constituents:</strong>Contain astringent substances - tannic acid, Chebulinic acid,and gallic acid, etc. Resin and a purgative principle - anthraquinone and sennoside are also present<strong>.</strong>During maturation tannin decreases and acidity increases.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
Uses: In combination with <em>Phyllanthus emblica</em> (Amla) and <em>Terminalia bellerica (Tani)</em> (త్రిఫల ) is used as a laxative .It has digestive, anti-inflammatory, anthelmentic, aphrodisiac and restorative properties. It is additionally beneficial in flatulence, constipation, piles, cough and colds. Fruit contains a constituent which has antibacterial and antifungal activity. It also inhibits growth of E.coli, the most common organism responsible for urinary tract infection. The fruit pulp exhibits laxative properties. కరక్కాయను సుఖ విరేచన కారిగా , సూక్ష్మ జీవ నాశన కారి గా , జీర్ణ కోశము లో వచ్చే వాపు ల నివారణ కు మూల శంక నివారణ కు వాడతారు. </div>
<br />
<div align="center">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-nlNNJuczqB-Se2kogtnFmrC5wheQrCL_hJl0VU6UH7qUGtshfVaVMtI5EyRMCgqpHthi7k1wikMH3TvEPv-N5d9mx8U56NDqRraWePXaaCiV1qT2mHDuGROjaKODWgacykywnYTBO8I/s1600-h/P1010088+a.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" kt="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-nlNNJuczqB-Se2kogtnFmrC5wheQrCL_hJl0VU6UH7qUGtshfVaVMtI5EyRMCgqpHthi7k1wikMH3TvEPv-N5d9mx8U56NDqRraWePXaaCiV1qT2mHDuGROjaKODWgacykywnYTBO8I/s320/P1010088+a.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><em>Aloe vera</em></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<b>Plant name:</b><em> Aloe vera</em> కలబంద </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
Family: Liliaceae</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Part used</strong>: Juice from leaves</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Identification:</strong> Vigorous concentration followed by quick cooling result in transparent brittle product liucid aloes.Slow concentration with gradual cooling results in opaque mass called livery aloes<strong>.</strong>Dried pulp is bitter unpleasant in odour. </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Chemical constituents</strong>: The important constituents are three Aloins, Barbaloin BetaBarbaloin and Isobarbaloin (-glycosides), Other constituents are amorphous Aloin, resin and Aloe-emodin. A mild purgative, sooths skin, Acts as a mild antimicrobial (aloin an Anthraquinone derivatives is irritative and purgative.</div>
Indian Aloe gel contains 90% of water and aloin.<br />
Uses: Juice is considered as valuable remedy for piles, skin diseases, gynic problems in women.<br />
Asrtingent, and cosmetic.Antispasmodic.చర్మ కేశ సం రక్ష ణ లో ఉపయోగ పడును. గర్భ కోశ సంబంద వ్యాదుల నివారణ లో, వాపు నివారిణి గా, ముసాంబరా న్ని దోమల నివారణ కు పొగ వేస్తారు. <br />
The inner fleshy portion of leaf is taken as a health drink.ఆకు లో పారదర్శక రుచి లేని గుజ్జును ఆరోగ్యా న్ని చ్చే పానీయం గా వాడుతున్నారు. <br />
Dried pulp is musambaram<br />
Hair tonic and applied on painful inflamations. <strong><br />
</strong><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8BW91FXvAu1GN7pV5jsNl5fClgRagn3Tpl-ilA9pxMShV3nH_yDTyILZAFhlE3OMLuAymP2DSXu0wRwsxIa4b8Vz_HFZss_5e6qhF5fn7LrcR6L5OeZYDRp7W6RFs3UiXueCWWuF1OWM/s1600/Curcuma+fingers.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="336" data-original-width="448" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8BW91FXvAu1GN7pV5jsNl5fClgRagn3Tpl-ilA9pxMShV3nH_yDTyILZAFhlE3OMLuAymP2DSXu0wRwsxIa4b8Vz_HFZss_5e6qhF5fn7LrcR6L5OeZYDRp7W6RFs3UiXueCWWuF1OWM/s320/Curcuma+fingers.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
Plant name:<b> </b><em>Curcuma longa</em> పసుపు</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
Family: Zingeberaceae</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong> Parts Used</strong>: Underground stems - Rhizome. Boiled rhizomes are dried and used to make powder.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Identification: </strong>Main rhizome is known as Bulb and branches are known as fingers. Rhizomes are yellow in color , wrinkled and bears circular scars or with folds. Rhizomes are pungent and bitter in taste.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Chemical constituents</strong>: Turmeric contains up to 5%essential (aromatic) oils and up to 3%curcumin, a polyphenol.</div>
It is the active substance of turmeric and it is also known as C.I. 75300, or Natural Yellow 3%<br />
The systematic chemical name is (1E,6E)-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) -1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione. <br />
<strong>Uses</strong>: A readily available antiseptic for cuts, burns and bruises. It is also used as an antibacterial agent. <br />
Curcumin is an an anti-inflammatory agent, and remedy for gastrointestinal discomfort associated with irritable bowel syndrome, and other digestive disorders. It is currently being investigated for possible benefits in Alzheimer’s disease,cancer, arthritis and liver disorders. పసుపు అన్ని రకాల సూక్ష్మజీవ నాశకము. శ్వాస సంబంధ రుగ్మత ల లో పని చేస్తుంది. వాపుఅలను తగ్గిస్తుంది. చర్మ సం రక్ష ణ లోఉపయోగ పడుతుంది. సహజ వర్ణ ద్రవ్యము. కాన్సరు వ్యాధి నివారణ లో కూడా <span style="font-size: small;"> </span> ఉపయోగ పడుతుంది. <br />
The oleoresin is used for oil-containing products. The curcumin/ polysorbate solution or curcumin powder dissolved in alcohol is used for water-containing products. <br />
Piperin improves the absorption of turmeric It is anti inflamatory, anti bacterial anti fungal <br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiChd2dgIp9Qn0KyBMv9EIkoneQfgmSsLA_Ls8qCfgTnlXgQfIvCdnDkqY9CbRMYhJ1ZhGAuwb8PJUZdGk8lljMrPrav3aZsdjDUN68lnDmxWPIEF8obiz5r8vPa9bFCAJTO0Tg1qewkus/s1600-h/P7090008+a.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" kt="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiChd2dgIp9Qn0KyBMv9EIkoneQfgmSsLA_Ls8qCfgTnlXgQfIvCdnDkqY9CbRMYhJ1ZhGAuwb8PJUZdGk8lljMrPrav3aZsdjDUN68lnDmxWPIEF8obiz5r8vPa9bFCAJTO0Tg1qewkus/s320/P7090008+a.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><em>Withania somnifera</em></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<b>Plant name: </b> <em>Withania somnifera</em> అశ్వగంధ లేక పెన్నేరు గడ్డ</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
Family: Solanaceae</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Part used</strong>: The root, It smells like the urine of a Horse. Roots are brown in color. unbranched, conical shaped, smooth with irregular fracture, pungent smell, bitter in taste, the crown bears scars or dormant buds.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Active constituents</strong> : The main constituents of ashwagandha root are alkaloids and steroidal lactones. Among the various alkaloids, <strong>withanine</strong> is the main constituent. The other alkaloids are <strong>somniferine,</strong> <strong>somnine, somniferinine, withananine, pseudo-withanine, tropine, pseudo-tropine, 3-a-gloyloxytropane, choline, cuscohygrine, isopelletierine, anaferine and anahydrine.</strong> Two acyl steryl glucoside viz. sitoindoside VII and sitoindoside VIII have been isolated from root. The leaves contain steroidal lactones, which are commonly called withanolides. The withanolides have C28 steroidal nucleus with C9 side chain, having six membered lactone ring.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Uses:</strong> In Ayurveda ashwaganda is considered a rasayana herb. This herb is also considered an adaptogen which is an herb that works to normalize physiological function, working on the HPA axis and the neuroendocrine system. In Ayurveda, the fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk, prior to drying, in order to leach out undesirable constituents. పేరు లేని రోగానికి పెన్నేరు గడ్డ. </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
The root powder is used as sedative and tranquiliser. It is antispasmodic. Used to prevent asthma and to contol bleeding during abortions.It is aphrodisiac. In the treatment of hiccups, rheumatism, dropsy and gynic disorders.బలవర్ధకం గా , నిద్ర ను కలిగించేందుకు , కండరాలు బిగుసుకు పోకుండా , కీళ్ళనొప్పులకు , వాపు లకు ఔషధం గా ఉపయోగిస్తారు.. </div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjlhMoGSTSI6hxAoEmX2yZm8WtckpsXKXLA57_-3M_hLhFGllwBupsjKUL0XePU4nyQJ2j9D9beirDPS3LVF11umatGHZRxoaxTFfYhKqJtRpLVDpRWcmdOO8t1ZAoJJFsP7YgL5E4m0nM/s1600-h/P7110051+a.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" kt="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjlhMoGSTSI6hxAoEmX2yZm8WtckpsXKXLA57_-3M_hLhFGllwBupsjKUL0XePU4nyQJ2j9D9beirDPS3LVF11umatGHZRxoaxTFfYhKqJtRpLVDpRWcmdOO8t1ZAoJJFsP7YgL5E4m0nM/s320/P7110051+a.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><em>Rauwolfia serpentina</em> </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<b>Plant name:</b> <em>Rauwolfia serpentina</em> సర్పగంద </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
Family: Apocyanaceae </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
IUCN has notified this species as endangered in 2008 list</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Useful part</strong>: Root. </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Identification:</strong> Root thickness 1-3 Cm, 20-25 long, greyish-yellow or ligtht brown in color, bark with wrinckles and with irregular fractures, bitter to taste, and odour less.In transfer section bark is 2-6 mm in thickness, latex is brown, cork contain calcium oxalate crystals and stone cells/ sclerides are absent.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Chemical constituents</strong>: Rauvolfia serpentina, or Indian Snakeroot or Sarpagandha, contains a number of bioactive chemicals, including <strong>ajmaline, deserpidine, rescinnamine, serpentinine, and yohimbine.</strong></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
Alkaloid content is more in the bark than the wood. The alkaloids are grouped into 3 categoris.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
1. General or nonspecific alkloids: <strong>ajmaline,serpentinine. </strong></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>2.</strong>Alkaloids that are effective on Adrinalin glands.<strong>Rauwolfin, sarpagin, ajmalicin</strong></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>3.</strong>Alkaloids that are effective on central nervous system: Reserpine, deserpidine.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Uses:</strong> Reserpine is an alkaloid first isolated from <em>R. serpentina</em> was widely used as an antihypertensive drug and tranquiliser. The extact of the root is given to patients suffering from psychological depression, and anxiety .(ఉన్మాదాన్ని తగ్గించ డానికి) Tribals used it as an antidote against bites of reptiles . (పాము కాటుకు విరుగుడు గా )</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
For the treatment of urinary tract diseases.</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_2pGewgrxibfctGm9vUVm0sPip8tttuyKAjg0ulXIALi_oty2fWLiq1ePMzFC5AhQwbk5m6gbnMJzrT9_ANJ5Vxu86dT9dU5Q37Nd-J2yD7pcy89dvsvZ8OxhOx9s_EnjOwGOD9hpsGA/s1600-h/PB240189+a.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" kt="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_2pGewgrxibfctGm9vUVm0sPip8tttuyKAjg0ulXIALi_oty2fWLiq1ePMzFC5AhQwbk5m6gbnMJzrT9_ANJ5Vxu86dT9dU5Q37Nd-J2yD7pcy89dvsvZ8OxhOx9s_EnjOwGOD9hpsGA/s320/PB240189+a.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><em>Phyllanthus amaras</em></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<b>Plant name:</b><em> Phyllanthus amaras</em> నేల ఉసిరి </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
Family: Phyllanthaceae</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Useful part</strong>:Entire plant.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Identification</strong>: 10-60 cm high annual herb. Stem angular with dwarf branches, bitter to taste. leaves small elliptic oblong, flowers in the axils of leaves. fruit small and depressed globose. seeds brown and triangular.The juice from the plant is black in color.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Chemical constituents</strong>: P<strong>hyllanthine,hypophyllanthin, niranthin</strong>, and glycosides, flavonoids, alkaloids, ellagitannins, and phenylpropanoids found in the leaf, stem, and root of the plant. Common lipids, sterols, and flavonols also occur in the plant.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Uses</strong>: The infusion of the plant is used for dissolving kidney stones and gallstones (active stones and as a preventative) Used for the treatment of <strong>dropsy</strong> పిత్తాశయం లో,మూత్ర పిండాలలో రాళ్ళు ఏర్పడకుండా , వున్న వాటిని కరిగించేందుకు , కామెర్ల నివారణ, నయం చేయుటకు, మధుమేహ నివారణ కు రక్తం లో కొలెస్ట్రాల్ తగ్గించేందుకు. </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
2. to tone, balance, strengthen, detoxify and protect the liver (and to balance liver enzymes) It has antiviral properties .Used for the treatment of <strong>jaundice.</strong> Used to reduce high cholesterol levels, and for the treatment of diabetes. It is also used as tonic.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzmZTJhYtI5bVsJj9Y6Vulmg5b_5jIMR0W3Bpm_5AKpW2s9GQc6SKiPa61gXWSQWEFyi70c7xc2gk-WsXGKDG41YaCPXLvEa_X-JTkj2xKoayWLcqv2on9vo4P3QfnaAm8cuRE4iUYQ2Y/s1600-h/P1012290a.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" kt="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzmZTJhYtI5bVsJj9Y6Vulmg5b_5jIMR0W3Bpm_5AKpW2s9GQc6SKiPa61gXWSQWEFyi70c7xc2gk-WsXGKDG41YaCPXLvEa_X-JTkj2xKoayWLcqv2on9vo4P3QfnaAm8cuRE4iUYQ2Y/s320/P1012290a.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><em>Phyllanthus emblica</em> </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<b>Plant name</b>: <em> Phyllanthus emblica</em> ఉసిరి</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
Family: Phyllanthaceae</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Useful part</strong>: Fresh or dried fruits. </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Identification</strong>: The tree is small to medium sized, reaching 8 to 18 m in height, with a crooked trunk and spreading branches. The branchlets are glabrous or finely pubescent, 10-20 cm long, usually deciduous; the leaves simple, subsessile and closely set along branchlets, light green, resembling pinnate leaves. The flowers are greenish-yellow. The fruit is nearly spherical, light greenish yellow, quite smooth and hard on appearance, with 6 vertical stripes or furrows.Edible Sour and astringent.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Chemical constituents</strong>: contain high amounts of ascorbic acid(vitamin C)500mg/100gms; contains high density of tannins 5%, phyllemblin, fruit also contains flavonoids and gallic acid.higher amounts of Ca fe, and phosphorus salts.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Medicinal Uses</strong>: :It is diuretic, laxative, it is a component of Thriphala.(త్రిఫల ) It is used as rasayana (rejuvinator). To enhance digestion, to reduce constipation , antipyretic, ), reduce cough , to alleviate asthma , to stimulate hair growth , shampoos and hair oil tha contain amla extract are traditionally believed to nourish the hair and scalp and prevent premature grey hair.It is useful in anaemia and Jaundice. రక్త వృద్ది కి, మెరుగైన జీర్ణ క్రియ కు , కామెర్ల వ్యాధి నయం చేయుటకు వెంట్రుకల పెరుగుదల తెల్ల బడ కుండా ఉండుటకు వాడతారు. It is used in the treatment of scurvy. </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzVK-Sc9WsJhyphenhyphen8ZCuekdvj_YFH2XVS3kCnCKTkZA0Y4vMIEXpPMcoa5QXhWwC0rbS8cm5kDBaHE33PctjjSNVgaWnpBxUWU3fXyOucc0nbkllHtLNIHNCNpHSnV6I7mnVt0HhxJwPQST4/s1600-h/P1011268+a.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" kt="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzVK-Sc9WsJhyphenhyphen8ZCuekdvj_YFH2XVS3kCnCKTkZA0Y4vMIEXpPMcoa5QXhWwC0rbS8cm5kDBaHE33PctjjSNVgaWnpBxUWU3fXyOucc0nbkllHtLNIHNCNpHSnV6I7mnVt0HhxJwPQST4/s320/P1011268+a.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><em>Bacopa monnieri</em></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<b>Plant name:</b><i> Bacopa monnieri</i> జల బ్రాహ్మి</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
Family: Scrophulariaceae. </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Useful part;</strong> Whole plant.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Identification</strong>: It is found in aquatic habitats. a perennial creeper. succulent herb, simple leaves in opposite phyllotaxy, when crushed leaves exhibit a characteristic odour. Flowers are white or lavender colored.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Chemical components</strong>: Main chemical components are alkaloids,<strong>brahmine</strong>,and <strong>herpestine;</strong> <strong>saponins,</strong> bacosideA and bacosideB, and bacopasides, monnierin, stigma sterol and betulic acid.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<strong>Medicinal uses: </strong>Bacopa improves intellect, consciousness, and mental activity<strong> -as memory booster. </strong><strong></strong>Bacopa calms the mind and promotes relaxation.-<strong> </strong>to reduce Stress, Anxiety and Depression.</div>
Bacopa raises protein synthesis and activity in brain cells.<strong> </strong><strong> </strong>improves memory, mental clarity and longevity<strong>.-a nerve tonic. జ్ఞాపక శక్తి వృద్ది పరచు కొనుటకు , నరాల బలమున కై ఉపయోగింప బడుతున్నది. </strong><br />
1. Bacosides A enhances the body’s antioxidant defenses by increaseing superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities.<br />
2. They maintain the structural and functional integrity of the mitochondrial membrane by inhibiting excessive lipid peroxidation & creatine kinase, improving the activities of ATPases and maintaining ionic equilibrium<br />
Stabilize mast cells and possess anti-inflammatory activity .It is used to treat skin diseases, leprosy, leucoderma, eczema and psoriasis. It is used in treatment of hoarseness, asthma, bronchitis and ulcer.It is used in inflammations, tumor, splenomegaly and general debility. <br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPmcMHtlzehqXAcn6J5cKFv9-quLxAy8QZKfBraLx5a-5s976jLDKh1OAelfkzx0-ulbFaPmNKEOlATgZ1frV0KQukSPKhZFheRVAHsq2ohK11w7eLu2neFVESa9rrWAXi4WDnljM_bYY/s1600/IMG_0278Cissus+quadrangularis.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPmcMHtlzehqXAcn6J5cKFv9-quLxAy8QZKfBraLx5a-5s976jLDKh1OAelfkzx0-ulbFaPmNKEOlATgZ1frV0KQukSPKhZFheRVAHsq2ohK11w7eLu2neFVESa9rrWAXi4WDnljM_bYY/s320/IMG_0278Cissus+quadrangularis.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Cissus quadrangularis నల్లేరు </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<b>Plant name:</b> <i>Cissus Quadrangularis</i> నల్లేరు<br />
Family: Vitaceae<br />
<b>Useful part:</b> Stems and leaves లేత కాండము, ఆకులు<br />
<strong>Identification</strong>: It is found in dry habits as green leafy or leafless creeper with jointed 4-angled fleshy stems.<br />
<strong>Chemical components</strong>: Main chemical component is quadrangularin A, It contains carotenoids, triterpenoids, ascorbic acid and mucilage.<br />
<strong>Medicinal uses: Since long times it has been used to strengthen bone density, to heal bone fractures, tendon and joint injuries. It is also helpful in treating gastric ulcers. It is widely used by athletes for healing and strengthening joints and bones.</strong><br />
<strong>నల్లేరు కాడలను ఎముక బలాన్ని వృద్ధి చేయడానికి , కీళ్ల నొప్పి, జీర్ణాశయం లో అల్సర్ లు తగ్గించడానికి వాడతారు. విరిగిన ఎముకలు త్వరితంగా అతుక్కోవడానికి ఆయుర్వేద వైద్య విధానంలో వాడతారు. </strong><br />
<br />
<strong><br />
</strong></div>
Lalithambahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05559688683225962305noreply@blogger.com16